Ajië language
Ajië | |
---|---|
Region | Houailou, New Caledonia |
Native speakers | 5,400 (2009 census)[1] |
Austronesian
| |
Language codes | |
ISO 639-3 | aji |
Glottolog | ajie1238 |
Ajië is not endangered according to the classification system of the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger |
Ajië (also known as Houailou (Wailu), Wai, and A'jie) is an Oceanic language spoken in New Caledonia. It has approximately 4,000 speakers.
Phonology
[edit]Consonants
[edit]Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
nor. | lab. | nor. | lab. | ||||||
Stop | voiceless | p | pʷ | t | c | k | kʷ | (ʔ) | |
prenasal | ᵐb | ᵐbʷ | ⁿd | ᶮɟ | ᵑɡ | ᵑɡʷ | |||
Nasal | m | mʷ | n | ɲ | ŋ | ||||
Fricative | v | vʷ | ɣ | ||||||
Rhotic | ɾ | r | |||||||
Approximant | l | j | w |
A glottal stop only appears after oral vowels. Different speakers may realize /v/ as a bilabial sound /β/. Glide sounds [ɹ, ɻ] are heard as allophones of /r/.[2][3]
Vowels
[edit]Front | Central | Back | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
High | i | ɯ | u | |
High-mid | e | ə | o | |
Low-mid | ɛ | ʌ | ɔ | |
Low | a |
Front | Central | Back | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
High | iˀ | ɯˀ | uˀ | |
High-mid | eˀ | əˀ | oˀ | |
Low-mid | ɛˀ | ʌˀ | ɔˀ | |
Low | aˀ |
In addition to this, vowel length is phonetically distinct in Ajië, bringing an additional sixteen vowels for a total of forty-eight total vowels. Only the plain oral and nasal vowels are displayed for simplicity.
Front | Central | Back | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
High | ĩ | ɯ̃ | ũ | |
High-mid | ẽ | ə̃ | õ | |
Low-mid | ɛ̃ | ʌ̃ | ɔ̃ | |
Low | ã |
References
[edit]- ^ Ajië at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
- ^ Tryon, Darrell T.; Aramiou, Sylvain; Euritein, Jean (1995). A'jië. In Darrell T. Tryon (ed.), Comparative Austronesian dictionary: an introduction to Austronesian studies, part 1: fascicle 1: Berlin and New York: Mouton de Gruyter. pp. 859–865.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: location (link) - ^ de La Fontinelle, Jacqueline (1976). La langue de Houailou, Nouvelle-Calédonie: description phonologique et description syntaxique. Peeters Publishers.