Javanese language - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Javanese
Javanese
Basa Jawa; ꦧꦱꦗꦮ; باسا جاوا
	Basa (language) written in the Javanese script
Pronunciation	[bɔsɔ d͡ʒɔwɔ]
Native to	Java (Indonesia)
Ethnicity	Javanese; Banyumasan; Cirebonese; Osing; Tenggerese;
Native speakers	82 million (2007)
Language family	Austronesian Malayo-Polynesian Javanese; ;
Early forms	Old Javanese Middle Javanese ;
Standard forms	Kawi; (Early standard form) Surakartan Javanese; (Modern standard form)
Dialects	Javanese dialects
Writing system	Latin script; Javanese script; Pegon alphabet
Official status
Official language in	Special Region of Yogyakarta
Language codes
ISO 639-1	jv
ISO 639-2	jav
ISO 639-3	Variously:; jav – Javanese; jvn – Caribbean Javanese; jas – New Caledonian Javanese; osi – Osing; tes – Tenggerese; kaw – Kawi
Glottolog	java1253
Linguasphere	31-MFM-a
	Dark green: areas where Javanese is the majority language. Light green: where it is a minority language.
	This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA.

This article contains special characters. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols.

Two Javanese speakers, recorded in Indonesia.

Javanese (/dʒɑːvəˈniːz/);^[2] Basa Jawa; Aksara Jawa: ꦧꦱꦗꦮ; Pegon: باساجاوا; Javanese pronunciation: [bɔsɔ d͡ʒɔwɔ]) is the native language of Javanese people which originated from the island of Java. Being the most populous island in the world, a lot of community in Java island could understand the Javanese language naturally despite not having a Javanese-ethnic identity. The Javanese language is recognized as one of the regional languages (a.k.a. the native or indigenous languages) in Indonesia with the largest speakers concentrated in the provinces of Yogyakarta, Central Java, and East Java. The Javanese language also recognized as one of the minority languages in some countries worldwide, mainly in Suriname, Netherlands, New Caledonia, Hong Kong, Australia, Caribbean, Sri Lanka, and neighbouring Southeast Asian countries.

Demographic distribution of Javanese speakers[change | change source]

Javanese is spoken throughout Indonesia, neighboring Southeast Asian countries, the Netherlands, Suriname, New Caledonia and other countries. However, the greatest concentration of speakers is in the six provinces of Java itself, and in the neighboring Sumatran province of Lampung.

Below, a table with the number of native speakers in 1980 is provided.^[3]

	Indonesian province	% of the population	Javanese speakers (1980)
1.	Aceh province	6.7%	175,000
2.	North Sumatra	21.0%	1,757,000
3.	West Sumatra	1.0%	56,000
4.	Jambi	17.0%	245,000
5.	South Sumatra	12.4%	573,000
6.	Bengkulu	15.4%	118,000
7.	Lampung	62.4%	2,886,000
8.	Riau	8.5%	184,000
9.	Jakarta	3.6%	236,000
10.	West Java^[4]	13.3%	3,652,000
11.	Central Java	96.9%	24,579,000
12.	Yogyakarta	97.6%	2,683,000
13.	East Java	74.5%	21,720,000
14.	Bali	1.1%	28,000
15.	West Kalimantan	1.7%	41,000
16.	Central Kalimantan	4.0%	38,000
17.	South Kalimantan	4.7%	97,000
18.	East Kalimantan	10.1%	123,000
19.	North Sulawesi	1.0%	20,000
20.	Central Sulawesi	2.9%	37,000
21.	Southeast Sulawesi	3.6%	34,000
22.	Maluku	1.1%	16,000

References[change | change source]

↑ Mikael Parkvall, "Världens 100 största språk 2007" (The World's 100 Largest Languages in 2007), in Nationalencyklopedin
↑ Laurie Bauer, 2007, The Linguistics Student's Handbook, Edinburgh
↑ The data is taken from the census of 1980 as provided by James J. Fox and Peter Gardiner and published by S.A. Wurm and Shiro Hattori, eds. 1983. Language Atlas of the Pacific Area, Part II. (Insular South-east Asia). Canberra
↑ In 1980 this included the now separate Banten province

Other websites[change | change source]

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[NE100-1] Mikael Parkvall, "Världens 100 största språk 2007" (The World's 100 Largest Languages in 2007), in Nationalencyklopedin

[2] Laurie Bauer, 2007, The Linguistics Student's Handbook, Edinburgh

[3] The data is taken from the census of 1980 as provided by James J. Fox and Peter Gardiner and published by S.A. Wurm and Shiro Hattori, eds. 1983. Language Atlas of the Pacific Area, Part II. (Insular South-east Asia). Canberra

[4] In 1980 this included the now separate Banten province

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Javanese
Basa Jawa ꦧꦱꦗꦮ باسا جاوا
Basa (language) written in the Javanese script
Pronunciation	[bɔsɔ d͡ʒɔwɔ]
Native to	Java (Indonesia)
Ethnicity	Javanese Banyumasan Cirebonese Osing Tenggerese
Native speakers	82 million (2007)^[1]
Language family	Austronesian Malayo-Polynesian Javanese
Early forms	Old Javanese Middle Javanese
Standard forms	Kawi (Early standard form) Surakartan Javanese (Modern standard form)
Dialects	Javanese dialects
Writing system	Latin script Javanese script Pegon alphabet
Official status
Official language in	Special Region of Yogyakarta
Language codes
ISO 639-1	`jv`
ISO 639-2	`jav`
ISO 639-3	Variously: `jav` – Javanese `jvn` – Caribbean Javanese `jas` – New Caledonian Javanese `osi` – Osing `tes` – Tenggerese `kaw` – Kawi
Glottolog	`java1253`
Linguasphere	`31-MFM-a`
Dark green: areas where Javanese is the majority language. Light green: where it is a minority language.
This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA.