خانات قبه - ویکی‌پدیا، دانشنامهٔ آزاد

خانات قبه

Quba xanlığı
قوُبا خانلیغی
Quba Khanate
خانات قبه; Quba xanlığı; قوُبا خانلیغی; Quba Khanate
۱۷۲۶–۱۸۰۶
	نقشه خانات قبه در سال ۱۸۰۶ (بر اساس نقشه منتشرشده در روسیه ۱۹۰۲)
وضعیت	خانات تحت سلطه ایران;
پایتخت	خودات; (۱۷۲۶—۱۷۳۵); قوبا; (۱۷۳۵–۱۸۰۶);
زبان(های) رایج	فارسی (رسمی) ترکی آذربایجانی
تاریخ
• بنیان‌گذاری	۱۷۲۶
• فروپاشی	۱۸۰۶
پیشین	پسین
	دودمان صفویه
امپراتوری روسیه

خانات قبه (به انگلیسی: Quba Khanate، به ترکی آذربایجانی: Quba xanlığı) یکی از شناخته‌شده‌ترین خان‌نشین‌های نیمه‌مستقل در ناحیه قفقاز بود که میان سال سال‌های ۱۷۲۶ تا ۱۸۰۶ جزئی از خاک ایران بود.^[۴] این خان‌نشین در سال ۱۷۲۶ میلادی به دست حسین‌علی‌خان تأسیس شد و نخستین پایتخت آن تا سال ۱۷۳۵ خودات بود که پس از آن به شهر قوبا تغییر پیدا کرد.^[۵] این خانات از خاور با دریای کاسپین، از شمال با خانات دربند، از باختر با خانات شکی و از جنوب با خانات باکو و خانات شیروان همسایه بود.^[۶]

خانات قبه در زمان فتحعلی‌خان قبه‌ای به بیشترین شهرت و شناخته‌شدگی خود رسید. پس از مرگ فتحعلی‌خان، از نفوذ و قدرت خانات قبه کاسته شد؛ در نتیجه فتوحات محمدخان قاجار و ویرانی که به وجود آمده بود، اتحاد خان‌های شمالی ایران از هم پاشید. خانات قبه در سال ۱۸۰۶ میلادی به دست روسیه فتح شد و تا سال ۱۸۱۶ به طور کامل در استان و فرمانداری تازه‌ایجادشده شماخا یا شماخی گنجانده شد.^[۷]

خان‌ها[ویرایش]

۱۶۸۰ – ۱۷۲۱ - حسین‌علی‌خان
۱۷۲۱ - احمدخان
۱۷۲۱ – ۱۷۲۲ - چلاق سرخای خان
۱۷۲۲ – ۱۷۵۸ - حسین‌علی‌خان
۱۷۵۸ – ۱۷۸۹ - فتحعلی‌خان قبه‌ای
۱۷۸۹ – ۱۷۹۱ - احمدخان
۱۷۹۱ – ۱۸۰۶ - شیخ‌علی آقا
۱۸۰۶ – ۱۸۱۶ - حسین‌خان

منابع[ویرایش]

↑ Bournoutian, George A. (2016). The 1820 Russian Survey of the Khanate of Shirvan: A Primary Source on the Demography and Economy of an Iranian Province prior to its Annexation by Russia. Gibb Memorial Trust. p. xvii. ISBN 978-1909724808. Serious historians and geographers agree that after the fall of the Safavids, and especially from the mid-eighteenth century, the territory of the South Caucasus was composed of the khanates of Ganja, Kuba, Shirvan, Baku, Talesh, Sheki, Karabagh, Nakhichivan and Yerevan, all of which were under Iranian suzerainty.
↑ Swietochowski, Tadeusz (2004). Russian Azerbaijan, 1905-1920: The Shaping of a National Identity in a Muslim Community. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 12. ISBN 978-0521522458. (...) and Persian continued to be the official language of the judiciary and the local administration [even after the abolishment of the khanates].
↑ Pavlovich, Petrushevsky Ilya (1949). Essays on the history of feudal relations in Armenia and Azerbaijan in XVI - the beginning of XIX centuries. LSU them. Zhdanov. p. 7. (...) The language of official acts not only in Iran proper and its fully dependant Khanates, but also in those Caucasian khanates that were semi-independent until the time of their accession to the Russian Empire, and even for some time after, was New Persian. It played the role of the literary language of class feudal lords as well.
↑ "...khanates of Sheki, Karabagh, and Kuba became the most powerful" Russian Azerbaijan, 1905–1920 – The Shaping of a National Identity in a Muslim Community, p. 17. Cambridge University Press
↑ Bournoutian, George A. (2016). The 1820 Russian Survey of the Khanate of Shirvan: A Primary Source on the Demography and Economy of an Iranian Province prior to its Annexation by Russia. Gibb Memorial Trust. p. xvii. ISBN 978-1909724808. Serious historians and geographers agree that after the fall of the Safavids, and especially from the mid-eighteenth century, the territory of the South Caucasus was composed of the khanates of Ganja, Kuba, Shirvan, Baku, Talesh, Sheki, Karabagh, Nakhichivan and Yerevan, all of which were under Iranian suzerainty.
↑ "Quba xanlığı" (به ترکی آذربایجانی). azerbaijans.com]. Archived from the original on 12 January 2019. Retrieved 12 January 2019.
↑ Literature: Samuel Gottlieb Gmelin. Travels through Northern Persia 1770-1774 translated and annotated by Willem Floor (Washington DC, MAGE, 2007); Bakikhanov, The Heavenly Rose-Garden. A History of Shirvan & Daghestan translated and annotated by Willem Floor & Hasan Javadi(Washington DC: MAGE, 2010); Willem Floor, “Who are the Shamkhal and the Usmi?” ZDMG 160/2 (2010), pp. 341-81

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[1] Bournoutian, George A. (2016). The 1820 Russian Survey of the Khanate of Shirvan: A Primary Source on the Demography and Economy of an Iranian Province prior to its Annexation by Russia. Gibb Memorial Trust. p. xvii. ISBN 978-1909724808. Serious historians and geographers agree that after the fall of the Safavids, and especially from the mid-eighteenth century, the territory of the South Caucasus was composed of the khanates of Ganja, Kuba, Shirvan, Baku, Talesh, Sheki, Karabagh, Nakhichivan and Yerevan, all of which were under Iranian suzerainty.

[2] Swietochowski, Tadeusz (2004). Russian Azerbaijan, 1905-1920: The Shaping of a National Identity in a Muslim Community. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 12. ISBN 978-0521522458. (...) and Persian continued to be the official language of the judiciary and the local administration [even after the abolishment of the khanates].

[3] Pavlovich, Petrushevsky Ilya (1949). Essays on the history of feudal relations in Armenia and Azerbaijan in XVI - the beginning of XIX centuries. LSU them. Zhdanov. p. 7. (...) The language of official acts not only in Iran proper and its fully dependant Khanates, but also in those Caucasian khanates that were semi-independent until the time of their accession to the Russian Empire, and even for some time after, was New Persian. It played the role of the literary language of class feudal lords as well.

[4] "...khanates of Sheki, Karabagh, and Kuba became the most powerful" Russian Azerbaijan, 1905–1920 – The Shaping of a National Identity in a Muslim Community, p. 17. Cambridge University Press

[5] Bournoutian, George A. (2016). The 1820 Russian Survey of the Khanate of Shirvan: A Primary Source on the Demography and Economy of an Iranian Province prior to its Annexation by Russia. Gibb Memorial Trust. p. xvii. ISBN 978-1909724808. Serious historians and geographers agree that after the fall of the Safavids, and especially from the mid-eighteenth century, the territory of the South Caucasus was composed of the khanates of Ganja, Kuba, Shirvan, Baku, Talesh, Sheki, Karabagh, Nakhichivan and Yerevan, all of which were under Iranian suzerainty.

[6] "Quba xanlığı" (به ترکی آذربایجانی). azerbaijans.com]. Archived from the original on 12 January 2019. Retrieved 12 January 2019.

[7] Literature: Samuel Gottlieb Gmelin. Travels through Northern Persia 1770-1774 translated and annotated by Willem Floor (Washington DC, MAGE, 2007); Bakikhanov, The Heavenly Rose-Garden. A History of Shirvan & Daghestan translated and annotated by Willem Floor & Hasan Javadi(Washington DC: MAGE, 2010); Willem Floor, “Who are the Shamkhal and the Usmi?” ZDMG 160/2 (2010), pp. 341-81

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