اکسیکانت - ویکی‌پدیا، دانشنامهٔ آزاد

1. ↑ Haslett, Charles (September 1855). Hackley, Charles W. (ed.). The Mechanic's, Machinist's, Engineer's Practical Book of Reference: Containing tables and formulæ for use in superficial and solid mensuration; strength and weight of materials; mechanics; machinery; hydraulics, hydrodynamics; marine engines, chemistry; and miscellaneous recipes. Adapted to and for the use of all classes of practical mechanics. Together with the Engineer's Field Book: Containing formulæ for the various of running and changing lines, locating side tracks and switches, &c. , &c. Tables of radii and their logarithms, natural and logarithmic versed sines and external secants, natural sines and tangents to every degree and minute of the quadrant, and logarithms from the natural numbers from 1 to 10,000. New York, USA: James G. Gregory, successor of W. A. Townsend & Co. (Stringer & Townsend). Retrieved 2017-08-13. […] Still there would be much labor of computation which may be saved by the use of tables of external secants and versed sines, which have been employed with great success recently by the Engineers on the Ohio and Mississippi Railroad, and which, with the formulas and rules necessary for their application to the laying down of curves, drawn up by Mr. Haslett, one of the Engineers of that Road, are now for the first time given to the public. […] In presenting this work to the public, the Author claims for it the adaptation of a new principle in trigonometrical analysis of the formulas generally used in field calculations. Experience has shown, that versed sines and external secants as frequently enter into calculations on curves as sines and tangents; and by their use, as illustrated in the examples given in this work, it is believed that many of the rules in general use are much simplified, and many calculations concerning curves and running lines made less intricate, and results obtained with more accuracy and far less trouble, than by any methods laid down in works of this kind. The examples given have all been suggested by actual practice, and will explain themselves. […] As a book for practical use in field work, it is confidently believed that this is more direct in the application of rules and facility of calculation than any work now in use. In addition to the tables generally found in books of this kind, the author has prepared, with great labor, a Table of Natural and Logarithmic Versed Sines and External Secants, calculated to degrees, for every minute; also, a Table of Radii and their Logarithms, from 1° to 60°. […]{{cite book}}: نگهداری CS1: url-status (link) 1856 edition
2. ↑ Allen, Calvin Frank (1894) [1889]. Railroad Curves and Earthwork. New York, USA; London, UK: Spon & Chamberlain; E. & F. Spon, Ltd. Retrieved 2015-11-16.
3. ↑ Nagle, James C. (1897). "IV.138. -165. : Transition Curves; Table XIII. : Natural Versines and Exsecants". Field Manual for Railroad Engineers (1 ed.). New York, USA: John Wiley and Sons , Chapman and Hall, Limited. pp. 110–142, 332–354. Retrieved 2015-11-16.
4. ↑ "Field Manual for Railroad Engineers" (PDF). The Engineer (Review): 540. 1897-12-03. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2015-11-17. Retrieved 2015-11-17.
5. ↑ Hall, Arthur Graham; Frink, Fred Goodrich (January 1909). "Review Exercises [100] Secondary Trigonometric Functions". Written at Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA. Trigonometry. Vol. Part I: Plane Trigonometry. New York, USA: Henry Holt and Company / Norwood Press / J. S. Cushing Co. - Berwick & Smith Co. , Norwood, Massachusetts, USA. p. 125. Retrieved 2017-08-12.{{cite book}}: نگهداری CS1: url-status (link)
6. ↑ Boyer, Carl Benjamin (1969) [1959]. "5: Commentary on the Paper of E. J. Dijksterhuis (The Origins of Classical Mechanics from Aristotle to Newton)". In Clagett, Marshall (ed.). Critical Problems in the History of Science (3 ed.). Madison, Milwaukee, and London: University of Wisconsin Press, Ltd. pp. 185–190. ISBN 0-299-01874-1. LCCN 59-5304. 9780299018740. Retrieved 2015-11-16.
7. ↑ الگو:AS ref
8. ↑ Calvert, James B. (2007-09-14) [2004-01-10]. "Trigonometry". Archived from the original on 2007-10-02. Retrieved 2015-11-08.
9. ↑ Tapson, Frank (2004). "Background Notes on Measures: Angles". 1.4. Cleave Books. Archived from the original on 2007-02-09. Retrieved 2015-11-12.
10. ↑ Patu, Andræâ-Claudio (André Claude); Le Tort, Bartholomæus (February 1745). Rivard, Franciscus (Dominique-François) (ed.). Theses Mathematicæ De Mathesi Generatim (به Latin). Collegio Dormano–Bellovaco (Collège de Dormans–Beauvais), Paris: Ph. N. Lottin. p. 6. Retrieved 2017-08-06.{{cite book}}: نگهداری CS1: url-status (link) نگهداری یادکرد:زبان ناشناخته (link)
11. ↑ Lemonnier, Petro (Pierre) (1750). Genneau, Ludovicum (Ludovico); Rollin, Jacobum (Jacques) (eds.). Physica generalis. Cursus Philosophicus Ad Scholarum Usum Accomodatus (به Latin). Vol. 3. Collegio Harcuriano (Collège d'Harcourt), Paris. pp. 303–. Retrieved 2017-08-06.{{cite book}}: نگهداری CS1: url-status (link) نگهداری یادکرد:زبان ناشناخته (link)
12. ↑ Thysbaert, Jan-Frans (1774). "Articulus II: De situ lineæ rectæ ad Circularem; & de mensura angulorum, quorum vertex non est in circuli centro. §1. De situ lineæ rectæ ad Circularem. Definitio II: [102]". Geometria elementaria et practica (به Latin). Lovanii, e typographia academica. p. 30, foldout. Retrieved 2017-08-06.{{cite book}}: نگهداری CS1: url-status (link) نگهداری یادکرد:زبان ناشناخته (link)
13. ↑ van Haecht, Joannes (1784). "Articulus III: De secantibus circuli: Corollarium III: [109]". Geometria elementaria et practica: quam in usum auditorum (به Latin). Lovanii, e typographia academica. p. 24, foldout. Retrieved 2017-08-06.{{cite book}}: نگهداری CS1: url-status (link) نگهداری یادکرد:زبان ناشناخته (link)
14. ↑ Searles, William Henry (1880-03-01). Field Engineering - A Hand-book of the Theory and Practice of Railway Surveying, Location, and Construction, designed for the Class-room, Field and Office, and containing a large number of useful tables, original and selected (PDF). New York, USA: John Wiley & Sons. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2017-08-13. Retrieved 2017-08-13. 8th revised edition, 1887 16th edition, 1910
15. ↑ Cajori, Florian (1952) [March 1929]. A History of Mathematical Notations. Vol. 2 (2 (3rd corrected printing of 1929 issue) ed.). Chicago, USA: Open court publishing company. p. 173. ISBN 978-1-60206-714-1. 1602067147. Retrieved 2015-11-11. (NB. ISBN and link for reprint of 2nd edition by Cosimo, Inc. , New York, USA, 2013.)
16. ↑ Swanson, Todd; Andersen, Janet; Keeley, Robert (1999). "5 (Trigonometric Functions)" (PDF). Precalculus: A Study of Functions and Their Applications. Harcourt Brace & Company. p. 344. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2003-06-17. Retrieved 2015-11-12.
17. ↑ Gottschalk, Walter Helbig (2002). Some Quaint & Curious & Almost Forgotten Trig Functions (PDF). Gottschalk's Gestalts - A Series Illustrating Innovative Forms of the Organization & Exposition of Mathematics. Vol. 80. Providence, Rhode Island, USA: Infinite Vistas Press. PVD RI, GG80. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2013-09-25. Retrieved 2015-11-17.
18. ↑ Frye, Albert I. (1918) [1913]. Civil engineer's pocket-book: a reference-book for engineers, contractors and students containing rules, data, methods, formulas and tables (2 (corrected) ed.). New York, USA; London, UK: D. Van Nostrand Company; Constable and Company, Ltd. Retrieved 2015-11-16.
19. ↑ Kenyon, Alfred Monroe; Ingold, Louis (1913). Trigonometry. New York, USA: The Macmillan Company. p. 5. Retrieved 2015-12-08.
20. ↑ Hudson, Ralph Gorton; Lipka, Joseph (1917). A Manual of Mathematics. New York, USA: John Wiley & sons. p. 68. Retrieved 2015-12-08.
21. ↑ Weisstein, Eric Wolfgang (2015) [2005]. "Exsecant". MathWorld. Wolfram Research, Inc. Archived from the original on 2005-11-29. Retrieved 2015-11-05.
22. ↑ Shaneyfelt, Ted V. "德博士的 Notes About Circles, ज्य, & कोज्य: What in the world is a hacovercosine?". Hilo, Hawaii: University of Hawaii. Archived from the original on 2015-09-19. Retrieved 2015-11-08.
23. ↑ Oldham, Keith B.; Myland, Jan C.; Spanier, Jerome (2009) [1987]. "33.13. The Secant sec(x) and Cosecant csc(x) functions - Cognate functions". An Atlas of Functions: with Equator, the Atlas Function Calculator (2 ed.). Springer Science+Business Media, LLC. p. 336. doi:10.1007/978-0-387-48807-3. ISBN 978-0-387-48806-6. LCCN 2008937525.

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