Río Támesis River Thames El Támesis en Londres a la puesta de sol
Ubicación geográfica Cuenca Támesis Nacimiento Montes Cotswold Desembocadura Estuario del Támesis en el mar del Norte Coordenadas 51°30′N 0°37′E / 51.5, 0.61 Ubicación administrativa País Reino Unido División Gloucestershire, Wiltshire , Oxfordshire , Berkshire , Buckinghamshire , Surrey , Essex , Kent y Gran Londres Subdivisión Condados de Gloucestershire , Wiltshire , Oxfordshire , Berkshire , Buckinghamshire , Surrey , Essex , Kent y Gran Londres Cuerpo de agua Longitud 346 km Superficie de cuenca 12 935 km² Caudal medio 65,8 m³ /s Altitud Nacimiento: 110 m m Mapa de localización Mapa del curso del Támesis.
El río Támesis (nombre original en inglés: river Thames , pronunciado / t ɛ m z / ), conocido alternativamente en algunas partes como el río Isis , es un curso de agua que fluye a través del sur de Inglaterra , incluyendo Londres . Con una longitud de 215 millas (346 km) (192 km en línea recta desde su nacimiento hasta su desembocadura), es el río más largo de los que tienen la totalidad de su recorrido en Inglaterra, y el segundo más largo del Reino Unido , después del río Severn .
El río nace en Thames Head , en Gloucestershire , y desemboca en el mar del Norte cerca de Tilbury , Essex y de Gravesend , Kent, a través del estuario del Támesis . Desde el oeste fluye a través de Oxford (donde a veces se le llama Isis [¿cuándo? ), Reading , Henley-on-Thames y Windsor . El Támesis también drena la totalidad del Gran Londres .[ 1]
La zona inferior del río se denomina tideway mareas , que alcanza hasta Teddington Lock e incluye la mayor parte de su recorrido en Londres, con una carrera de 23 pies (7 m) de desnivel. Desde Oxford hasta el estuario, el Támesis desciende 55 metros. Atravesando algunas de las partes menos lluviosas de Gran Bretaña y muy explotado para el aprovechamiento de agua potable, el caudal del Támesis es relativamente bajo teniendo en cuenta su longitud y su anchura: el Severn tiene un caudal de casi el doble en promedio, a pesar de tener una cuenca hidrográfica más pequeña. En Escocia , el río Tay registra un aforo promedio más del doble que el del Támesis, a pesar de tener una cuenca de drenaje que es un 60% más pequeña.
En su curso hay 45 esclusas para facilitar la navegación fluvial, con los correspondientes alivideros . Su área de captación cubre una gran parte del sureste y una pequeña parte del oeste de Inglaterra; es alimentado por al menos 50 afluentes con nombre propio, y cuenta con más de 80 islas en el interior de su cauce. Con sus aguas, que varían desde el agua dulce hasta casi el agua de mar, el Támesis aloja distintos ámbitos de vida silvestre e incluye varios lugares de especial interés científico contiguos, con el "Estuario y las Marismas del Sur del Támesis" que forman parte de las marismas del Norte de Kent y que cuentan con una superficie de 5289 hectáreas (20,4 mi²).[ 2]
Resumen del
235.84 Thames Head , Kemble 235.06 Thames Head Bridge (A433 - Fosse Way ) 233.97 A429 Bridge and Cirencester branch line Ferrocarril de Enlace Midland y Suroeste Bridge 216.81 A419 Bridge, Cricklade Castle Eaton Bridge Hannington Bridge 200.96 Limit of navigation 200.83 River Coln (rises at Brockhampton ) 199.72 Halfpenny Bridge , Lechlade-on-Thames (A361 ) 199.65 St John's Lock Last lock on the river; 71 m ASL Radcot Bridge Tadpole Bridge 173.18 River Windrush , Northmoor Newbridge Swinford Toll Bridge 159.34 River Evenlode , Cassington 155.46 Thames (Oxford By-pass) Bridge (A34 ) 110.10 Osney Rail Bridge (Cherwell Valley line ) 148.88 River Cherwell , Oxford , partly canalised 146.83 Isis Bridge - Oxford Ring Road (A423 ) 110.10 Kennington Railway Bridge (Goods Line) Nuneham Railway Bridge (GWR to Birmingham ) 136.47 Abingdon Bridge (A415 ) — Abingdon & Culham Sutton Bridge 131.02 Appleford Railway Bridge (GWR to Birmingham ) Clifton Hampden Bridge River Thame , Dorchester (Oxfordshire) Shillingford Bridge 115.41 Wallingford Bridge — Wallingford & Crowmarsh Gifford 110.10 Puente ferroviario de Moulsford (GWR to Bristol ) Goring and Streatley Bridge 105.94 Goring Bridge (GWR to Bristol) Whitchurch Bridge 89.74 Caversham Bridge , Reading (A4155 ) 87.41 Río Kennet , canalised , Reading 79.24 River Loddon , Wargrave Sonning Bridge Shiplake Railway Bridge 73.72 Henley Bridge (A4130 ) — Henley-on-Thames & Remenham 60.75 Marlow Bridge , Marlow 60.04 Marlow By-pass Bridge , Marlow, (A404 ) Bourne End Railway Bridge Cookham Bridge ~50 Jubilee River — Maidenhead 49.10 Puente ferroviario de Maidenhead (GWR to Bristol etc.) 46.67 M4 Bridge — Dorney & Bray 40.03 Queen Elizabeth Bridge , (A332 ) — Eton & Windsor Línea Slough - Windsor & Eton bridge 38.91 Windsor Bridge — Eton & Windsor ~35 Jubilee River — Eton Windsor & Eton Riverside station bridge 28.46 Colne Brook , Wraysbury 28.45 Runnymede Bridges (A30 & M25 ) — Staines-upon-Thames & Egham 27.82 Staines Bridge (A308 ) — Staines-upon-Thames & Egham Hythe 27.70 River Colne , Staines-upon-Thames Staines Railway Bridge 21.34 M3 bridge — Chertsey & Laleham 20.80 Chertsey Bridge (B375) — Chertsey & Shepperton 17.32 The Bournes (1 , 2 ), Addlestone 17.08 Wey and its navigation , Addlestone & Weybridge 14.43 Walton Bridge (A244 ) — Shepperton & Walton-on-Thames 7.53 Hampton Court Bridge (A309 ) — Hampton Court & East Molesey 7.45 River Mole , East Molesey & Thames Ditton 3.34 Kingston Bridge — Hampton Wick & Kingston upon Thames Kingston Railway Bridge 0.64 Teddington Lock , Weir & Bridges Tidal limit 0.0 Teddington Boundary Stone (PLA / DoE ) Richmond Bridge Puente ferroviario de Richmond -4.52 Twickenham Bridge (A316 ) — Twickenham & Richmond -4.80 Richmond Lock and Footbridge -6.11 River Crane , Twickenham & Isleworth -7.71 Río Brent /Grand Union Canal -8.80 Puente de Kew , South Circular Road (A205) (Brentford & Kew ) Kew Railway Bridge (District Line and former British Rail ) -10.86 Chiswick Bridge (A316 ) — Chiswick & Mortlake Puente ferroviario de Barnes Puente de Hammersmith — Hammersmith -17.84 Putney Bridge , (A219 ) — Fulham & Putney Fulham Railway Bridge (District Line ) -18.95 Río Wandle , Wandsworth -19.44 Puente de Wandsworth , (A217 ) — Fulham & Wandsworth -20.84 Battersea Railway Bridge -21.88 Puente de Battersea , (A3220 ) — Chelsea & Battersea -23.66 Victoria Railway Bridge -25.24 Puente de Vauxhall (A202 ) — Pimlico & Vauxhall (Londres) -26.01 Puente de Lambeth (A3202) — Millbank & Lambeth -26.55 Puente de Westminster (A302) — Centro de Londres -27.35 Charing Cross Bridge & Station (S Coast) -28.01 Puente de Waterloo (A301) — Central London -28.55 Puente de Blackfriars (A201) — Central London -28.63 Blackfriars Rly Bridge/Station (Thameslink ) Millennium Bridge -29.10 Puente de Southwark (A300) — Central London Estación de Cannon Street and Cannon St. Station -29.80 Puente de Londres (A3 ) 8.7 m headway — Central London -30.69 Puente de la Torre (A100 ) 42.5 m headway — City de Londres & Bermondsey Túnel del Támesis on the East London Line -32.83 Rotherhithe Tunnel (A101 ) — Limehouse & Rotherhithe -33.65 Regent's Canal -40.08 Blackwall Tunnel (A102 ) — Blackwall & Greenwich Peninsula -41.06 Río Lea (Inglaterra) and its navigation : Bow Creek Blackwall & Canning Town -43.51 Barrera del Támesis -45.24 Woolwich Ferry (links A406 with A205 ) — North Woolwich & Woolwich -48.55 Barking Creek /River Roding -59.25 River Darent / Dartford Creek -61.96 Dartford Crossing (A282 (N) ) — West Thurrock & Dartford -62.04 Queen Elizabeth II Bridge (A282 (S) ) 54.1 m headway — West Thurrock & Dartford -64.76 Channel Tunnel Rail Link -69.66 Puerto de Tilbury -87.72 Holehaven Creek -99.42 Southend Pier , Southend-on-Sea -103.9 Río Medway & Sheerness Docks -110.6 Foulness Point , Essex /Warden Point, Kent (PLA limit) End of Estuario del Támesis — Mar del Norte
Asentamientos junto al Támesis
Kemble Kemble (meads) Ewen, Somerford Keynes Poole Keynes meads and lakes of both Ashton Keynes Ashton Keynes Leigh (meads) Ashton Keynes (meads) Cricklade Latton (meads) Castle Eaton (meads) Castle Eaton Marston Meysey (meads) Kempsford Hannington (meads) Kempsford (meads) Limit of navigation Inglesham (meads) Lechlade-on-Thames Buscot (meads) Lechlade (meads) Eaton Hastings Kelmscott Faringdon (meads) Radcot (meads) Clanfield (meads) Littleworth (mead) Clanfield (meads) Buckland (meads) Bampton (meads) Hinton Waldrist (meads) Chimney (meads) Longworth (meads) Shifford (meads) Kingston Bagpuize (meads) Standlake (meads) Fyfield (meads) Northmoor (meads) Appleton with Eaton (meads) Bablock Hythe and meads, Cumnor Stanton Harcourt (meads) Farmoor, Cumnor Eynsham (meads) Swinford and meads, Cumnor Wytham Cassington (meads) Yarnton (meads) Wolvercote Binsey, Oxfordshire Wolvercote Common, Wolvercote Osney New Osney (west-central Oxford) Grandpont Oxford (south-central) New Hinksey , South Hinksey (east Oxford inc. Rose Hill) Kennington (Oxfordshire) Littlemore (meads), Oxford Sandford-on-Thames Radley (meads) Nuneham Courtenay (meads) Abingdon Culham (meads) Sutton Courtenay Appleford-on-Thames Clifton Hampden (meads) Long Wittenham Burcot , Clifton Hampden Little Wittenham Dorchester (Oxfordshire) (meads) Shillingford Hill, Brightwell-cum-Sotwell (meads) Shillingford , Warborough Benson (meads) Preston Crowmarsh, Benson (meads) Moulsford South Stoke Wallingford Crowmarsh Gifford Newnham Murren Mongewell Cholsey North Stoke Moulsford South Stoke Streatley Goring-on-Thames Lower Basildon , Basildon Goring Pangbourne Whitchurch-on-Thames Purley on Thames Mapledurham (meads) Tilehurst Reading Caversham Sonning Sonning Eye , Eye and Dunsden Charvil (meads) Shiplake (meads) Wargrave Shiplake , Shiplake Remenham Henley-on-Thames Aston, Remenham Mill End, Hambleden Hurley-on-Thames Medmenham Bisham Marlow Cookham Little Marlow Hedsor Wharf, Hedsor (meads) Bourne End Maidenhead Taplow Bray Taplow Dorney (meads) Water Oakley/Willows Riverside Park, Bray Dedworth Boveney , Burnham Clewer Eton Windsor Eton The Home Park, Windsor Datchet Old Windsor Wraysbury Runnymede , Egham (meads) Egham Hythe Staines-upon-Thames Thorpe Penton Hook, Chertsey Laleham Chertsey Dumsey Meadow , Shepperton Hamm Court Estate, Addlestone Old Shepperton, Shepperton (various islands), Weybridge Old Shepperton, Shepperton Walton-on-Thames Lower Halliford, Shepperton Sunbury-on-Thames West and central Molesey Hampton East Molesey Hampton Court, Hampton Thames Ditton Seething Wells (partially), Surbiton Kingston upon Thames Hampton Wick Ham , Kingston upon Thames (meads) Teddington Teddington Lock , Weir & Bridges ; normal tidal limit Petersham Twickenham Richmond Isleworth , Isleworth Kew Brentford Strand-on-the-Green , Chiswick Mortlake Dukes Meadows, Chiswick Barnes Chiswick Castelnau , Barnes Hammersmith London Wetland Centre , Barnes Fulham Putney Wandsworth Battersea Sands End , Fulham Chelsea Nine Elms , Battersea Pimlico , Westminster Vauxhall (Londres) Millbank , Westminster (North) Lambeth Waterloo (Victoria) Embankment/Strand , Westminster St Clement Danes Southwark City de Londres (The) Borough Bermondsey St Katherine's Wharf, St George in the East Wapping Rotherhithe Shadwell (Londres) Limehouse Millwall, Poplar Deptford Millwall/Cubitt Town, Poplar Greenwich (distrito) Cubitt Town, Poplar Greenwich Peninsula , Greenwich Blackwall , Poplar Leamouth , Poplar New Charlton, Charlton West Ham (Londres) Woolwich (Barrera del Támesis ) East Ham /North Woolwich Thamesmead , Woolwich Barking Thamesmead, Erith Dagenham Erith Rainham Marshes, Rainham Wennington Marshes, Wennington Erith; Crayford Marshes Aveley Marshes, Aveley Dartford Marshes, Dartford West Thurrock (Purfleet ; West Thurrock Marshes) Stone Marshes, Stone Greenhithe Swanscombe Swanscombe Marshes/Broadness Lighthouse, Swanscombe Grays (or, more rarely, Grays Thurrock) Northfleet Tilbury , West Tilbury Gravesend Eastcourt Marshes, Chalk Shorne Marshes, Shorne West Tilbury Higham Marshes, Higham (Kent) East Tilbury Cliffe Marshes/Redham Mead, Cliffe Corringham Marshes/Thames Haven, Corringham Halstow Marshes, High Halstow Canvey Island , Corringham /Stanford-le-Hope /Leigh-on-Sea St Marys Marshes, St Mary Hoo Allhallows (Kent) Leigh-on-Sea Grain Southend-on-Sea End of Estuario del Támesis — Mar del Norte (the few settlements further along the debatable estuario routemap are on inlets or far inland)
Clave:- Pasarela Puente carretero Puente carretero doble Puente carretero triple (o más) Puente ferroviario Puente por esclusa a una isla y la pasarela unida a la orilla izquierda Nota: 1..2a, etc. para el recuento mínimo de puentes en un curso completo, otros con subletras b, etc. (hacia/desde islas vinculadas a ambas orillas) Thames Head 1 A433 Fosse Way/Tetbury Road Thames Bridge 2 bridleway bridge 3 A429 Bridge 4 Parker's Bridge for Thames Path ("TP") 5 unnamed (the south) lane, Ewen (to/from Poole Keynes) & for TP 6 Former Washburn's Mill footbridge for TP 7 footbridge above Old Mill Farm 8 footbridge 9 footbridge above Neigh Bridge Lake for TP 10 Neigh Bridge 11 Oaksey Road Bridge for TP 11 Cul de sac bridge Cotswold Water Park hamlet 12 Lower Mill Estate bridge 1 13 Lower Mill Estate bridge 2 14 Lower Mill Estate bridge 3 15 footbridge for TP (non-woodland) 16 footbridge for return of linear woodland, paved variant of TP 17 footbridge for path to Somerford Keynes southbound 90-degree ex-leat channel 18a footbridge, Ashton Keynes 19a & 19b Side road and B4696 bridges 19c church lane footbridge 19d church lane bridge 19e to h drive/garden bridges (4) 19i Swill Brook; Gosditch (name of lane to B4696) bridge 19j to s drive/garden bridges (10) 20a & 20b Three Bridges Bridge & drive/garden bridge 20c The Derry (name of lane to B4696) Bridge part of ex-leat channel rejoins 21a & b High & Oaklake Bridges (High Road), Ashton Keynes rest of ex-leat channel rejoins 22 Waterhay Bridge, Leigh 23 Footbridge 24 Footbridge 25 Footbridge 26 M&SWJR footbridge, Cricklade 27 North Wilts Canal footbridge 27 Old West Mill site footbridge for TP
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