Santacrucian

The Santacrucian age is a period of geologic time (17.5 – 16.3 Ma) within the Early Miocene epoch of the Neogene, used more specifically with SALMA classification in South America. It follows the Colhuehuapian and precedes the Friasian age.[1]

Etymology[edit]

The age is named after the Santa Cruz Formation in the Austral/Magallanes Basin of southern Patagonia, Argentina and Chile.

Formations[edit]

Santacrucian is located in South America
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Santacrucian
Santacrucian
Santacrucian
Santacrucian
Santacrucian
Santacrucian
Santacrucian
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Locations of Santacrucian formations
Formation
bold is type 		Country Basin Notes
Santa Cruz Formation  Argentina
 Chile		 Austral Basin
[2][3]
Aisol Formation  Argentina San Rafael Block
[4]
Cantaure Formation  Venezuela Falcón Basin
[5]
Castillo Formation  Venezuela Falcón Basin
[6]
Cerro Boleadoras Formation  Argentina Austral Basin
[7]
Chaguaramas Formation  Venezuela Eastern Venezuela Basin
[8]
Chilcatay Formation  Peru Pisco Basin
[9][10]
Chucal Formation - Chucal fauna  Chile Altiplano Basin
[11]
Cura-Mallín Group  Chile Cura-Mallín Basin
[12]
Gran Bajo del Gualicho Formation  Argentina Colorado Basin
[13]
Jimol Formation  Colombia Cocinetas Basin
[14]
Mariño Formation  Argentina Cuyo Basin
[15]
Pinturas Formation  Argentina Austral Basin
[16][3]
Río Yuca Formation  Venezuela Barinas-Apure Basin
[17]

Fossils[edit]

Group Fossils Formation Notes
Mammals Abderites meridionalis, Acarechimys pascuali, Acaremys major, A. messor, A. murinus, A. tricarinatus, Acdestis lemairei, A. oweni, Acrocyon sectorius, Acyon bardus, A. tricuspidatus, Adianthus bucatus, Adiastaltus habilis, A. procerus, Adinotherium ferum, A. ovinum, A. robustum, Ameghinomys constans, A. rarus, Anatherium defossus, Anathitus revelator, Arctodictis munizi, Argyromanis patagonicus, cf. Asterostemma depressa, Astrapotherium magnum, Borhyaena tuberata, Cladosictis patagonica, Cochlops muricatus, Diadiaphorus majusculus, D. robustus, Dicardia fissa, Encinepeltus petesatus, Eocardia montana, Eucholoeops fronto, E. ingens, Euphractus patagonicus, Eutatus carinatus, E. deleo, E. lagena, Hapalops angustipalatus, H. elongatus, H. indifferens, H. longiceps, H. platycephalus, H. ponderosus, Hegetotherium mirabile, Homalodotherium cunninghami, Homunculus patagonicus, Interatherium excavatum, I. extensum, I. robustum, Licaphrium floweri, Lycopsis torresi, Metopotoxus laevatus, Microbiotherium acicula, M. gallegosense, M. patagonicum, M. tehuelchum, Necrolestes patagonensis, Neoreomys australis, Nesodon imbricatus, N. marmoratus, Orthoarthrus mixtus, Pachyrukhos moyani, Palaeothentes aratae, P. intermedius, P. minutus, P. lemoinei, P. pascuali, Paraeutatus distans, Pelecyodon cristatus, Peltephilus ferox, P. giganteus, P. nanus, P. pumilus, P. strepens, Perathereutes pungens, Phanomys mixtus, P. vetulus, Phonocdromus gracilis, Plagiocoelus obliquus, Planops magnus, Prepotherium filholi, P. potens, Proeutatus oenophorum, P. robustus, Propalaehoplophorus australis, P. incisivus, P. minus, Protamandua rothi, Prothylacinus patagonicus, Protypotherium attenuatum, P. australe, P. praerutilum, Prozaedyus exilis, Prozaedius proximus, Pseudoacaremys kramarzi, Pseudonotictis pusillus, Schismotherium rectangularis, Sipalocyon gracilis, S. obusta, Spaniomys modestus, Stegotherium tauberi, S. tesselatum, Steiromys detentus, S. duplicatus, Stenotatus hesternus, Stilotherium dissimile, Tetramerorhinus cingulatum, T. fortis, T. lucarius, T. mixtum, Theosodon garrettorum, T. gracilis, T. lydekkeri, Thoatherium minusculum, Vetelia puncta, Hyperleptus sp., Nematherium sp., Neuryurini sp., Perimys sp., Sciamys sp., Myrmecophagidae indet. Santa Cruz
[18][19]
[20][21]
[22][23]
[24][25]
[26][27]
[28][29]
[30][31]
[32][33]
[34][35]
[36][37]
[38][39]
[40][41]
[42]
cf. Astrapotherium sp., cf. Theosodon sp., Lomaphorini indet., Mylodontinae indet., Propalaehoplophorinae indet., Toxodontidae indet. Aisol
[43]
Baraguatherium takumara Castillo
[44]
Xenastrapotherium christi, Boreostemma sp. Chaguaramas
[8][45]
Altitypotherium chucalensis, A. paucidens, Eotypotherium chico, Hegetotherium cf. mirabile, Nesodon imbricatus, Parapropalaehoplophorus septentrionalis, Acarechimys sp., Adinotherium sp., Neoreomys sp., cf. Peltephilus sp., Stenotatus sp., Theosodon sp., Octodontoidea indet., Toxodontidae indet. Chucal
[46]
Paedotherium minor, Acarechimys sp., aff. Alloiomys sp., ?Hegetotherium sp., aff. Incamys sp., Luantus sp., Maruchito sp., Prostichomys sp., Protacaremys sp., cf. Protypotherium sp., Sipalocyon sp., Abderitidae indet., Astrapotheria indet., Astrapotheriidae indet., Caviomorpha indet., Dasypodidae indet., Eocardiidae indet., Hegetotheriinae indet., Interatheriinae indet., Pachyrukhinae indet., Toxodontidae indet., Typotheria indet. Cura-Mallín
[47][48]
Prohegetotherium schiaffinoi, Rusconitherium mendocense,Thoatheriopsis mendocensis, Scleromys sp. Mariño [49][50]
[51][52]
Acarechimys minutissimus, Acaremys murinus, Acdestis oweni, Adelphomys candidus, Branisamyopsis praesigmoides, Carlocebus carmenensis, C. intermedius, ?Diadiaphorus caniadensis, Eosteiromys annectens, E. cf. homogenidens, Galileomys eurygnathus, Luantus toldensis, L. propheticus, Microbiotherium cf. gallegosense, M. tehuelchum, Neoreomys australis, N. pinturensis, Oligobiotherium divisum, Pachybiotherium illuminatum, Perimys erutus, P. intermedius, Phanomys mixtus, Picturotherium migueli, Prostichomys bowni, Prothoatherium lacerum, Scleromys osbornianus, S. quadrangulatus, Soriacebus adrianae, S. ameghinorum, Spaniomys modestus, Steiromys principalis, S. duplicatus, Tetramerorhinus ?cingulatum, T. fleaglei, T. prosistens, Prolagostomus sp., Stichomys sp., Theosodon sp. Pinturas
[53][54]
[55][56]
[57][58]
Birds Anisolornis excavatus, Badiostes patagonicus, Brontornis burmeisteri, Cariama santacrucensis, Eoneornis australis, Eutelornis patagonicus, Liptornis hesternus, Opisthodactylus patagonicus, Paraptenodytes antarcticus, Patagornis marshi, Phorusrhacos longissimus, Protibis cnemialis, Psilopterus bachmanni, P. lemoinei, Thegornis debilis Santa Cruz
[22][23]
[25][42]
Psilopteridae indet. Aisol
[43]
Reptiles &
amphibians		 Diasemosaurus occidentalis, Dibolosodon typicus, Erichosaurus bombimaxila, E. debilis, E. diminutus, Calyptocephalella sp., Colubridae indet. Santa Cruz
[21][22]
[23][59]
Crocodylia indet. Aisol
[43]
Anura indet. Chucal
[46]
Crocodylidae indet., Gavialidae indet. Jimol
[60]
Colubridae indet. Pinturas
[61]
Fishes Carcharhinidae indet., Dalatiidae indet., Hemigaleidae indet., Lamnidae indet., Myliobatidae indet. Jimol
[60]
Flora Araucaria marensii, Doroteoxylon vicentiperezii, Eucryphiaceoxylon eucryphioides, Myrceugenia chubutense, Nothofagoxylon triseriatum, Ulminium atlanticum Santa Cruz
[31]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Paleo Database: Santacrucian
  2. ^ Vizcaíno et al., 2012
  3. ^ a b Pérez Panera, 2010, p.52
  4. ^ Forasiepi et al., 2011, p.149
  5. ^ Mendi & Rodríguez, 2005, p.20
  6. ^ Johnson, 2009, p.60
  7. ^ Dal Molín & Colombo, 2003, p.140
  8. ^ a b Horovitz & Sánchez Villagra, 2012, p.145
  9. ^ De la Cruz, 2008, p.53
  10. ^ Solíz Mundaca, 2018, p.13
  11. ^ Croft et al., 2007, p.781
  12. ^ Utgé et al., 2009
  13. ^ Reichler, 2010, p.181
  14. ^ Moreno et al., 2015, p.7
  15. ^ Cerdeño & Guiomar, M2007, p.201
  16. ^ Kramarz, 2001, p.10
  17. ^ Rincón et al., 2016, p.19
  18. ^ Verzi et al., 2017, p.2
  19. ^ Arnal & Vucetich, 2015, p.13
  20. ^ Killik Aike Norte at Fossilworks.org
  21. ^ a b Monte León at Fossilworks.org
  22. ^ a b c La Cueva at Fossilworks.org
  23. ^ a b c Santa Cruz Formation at Fossilworks.org
  24. ^ Cerro Observatorio at Fossilworks.org
  25. ^ a b Corriguen Aike at Fossilworks.org
  26. ^ Campo Barranca at Fossilworks.org
  27. ^ Santa Cruz at Fossilworks.org
  28. ^ Coy Inlet at Fossilworks.org
  29. ^ Yack Harvey at Fossilworks.org
  30. ^ Estancia La Peninsular at Fossilworks.org
  31. ^ a b Punta Sur at Fossilworks.org
  32. ^ Estancia La Costa at Fossilworks.org
  33. ^ 7 or 8 miles south of Coy Inlet at Fossilworks.org
  34. ^ 10 miles south of Coy Inlet at Fossilworks.org
  35. ^ Estancia Halliday at Fossilworks.org
  36. ^ Río Gallegos at Fossilworks.org
  37. ^ Güer Aike at Fossilworks.org
  38. ^ Barrancas del Río Santa Cruz at Fossilworks.org
  39. ^ Shehuén at Fossilworks.org
  40. ^ Lago Pueyrredón and Lago Posadas at Fossilworks.org
  41. ^ Puesto Estancia La Costa Fossiliferous Level 7.2 at Fossilworks.org
  42. ^ a b Puesto Estancia La Costa Fossiliferous Level 5.3 at Fossilworks.org
  43. ^ a b c Cerro Aisol at Fossilworks.org
  44. ^ Rincón et al., 2017
  45. ^ Quebrada Honda - Zaraza at Fossilworks.org
  46. ^ a b Chucal at Fossilworks.org
  47. ^ Trapa Trapa East mid-upper beds at Fossilworks.org
  48. ^ Estero Trapa Trapa West at Fossilworks.org
  49. ^ Cerdeño et al., 2018
  50. ^ Cerdeño & Vucetich, 2007
  51. ^ Cerdeño et al., 2008
  52. ^ Villafañe et al., 2012
  53. ^ Estancia Ana María at Fossilworks.org
  54. ^ Portezuelo Sumich Norte at Fossilworks.org
  55. ^ Portezuelo Sumich Sur at Fossilworks.org
  56. ^ Los Toldos Sur at Fossilworks.org
  57. ^ Gobernador Gregores at Fossilworks.org
  58. ^ La Cañada at Fossilworks.org
  59. ^ Estancia La Costa Fossiliferous Level 3 at Fossilworks.org
  60. ^ a b Moreno et al., 2015, p.35
  61. ^ Río Pinturas Formation at Fossilworks.org

Bibliography[edit]

Santa Cruz Formation
Aisol Formation
Cantaure Formation
Castillo Formation
Cerro Boleadores Formation
Chaguaramas Formation
  • Horovitz, Inés, and Marcelo R. Sánchez Villagra. 2012. El Registro Fósil del Cenozoico, 133–156. Venezuela Paleontológica: Evolución de la diversidad en el pasado. Accessed 2017-10-21.
Chilcatay Formation
Cura-Mallín Group
Gran Bajo del Gualicho Formation
Jimol Formation
Mariño Formation
Pinturas Formation
Río Yuca Formation
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