Protorthoptera

Protorthoptera
Temporal range: 318–299 Ma Middle Carboniferous
Hadentomum americanum
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Cohort: Polyneoptera
Order: Protorthoptera
Handlirsch, 1906
Families

See text

Synonyms
  • Cacurgida
  • Paraplecoptera
  • Protoblattodea
  • Protoblattoidea

The Protorthoptera are an extinct order of Palaeozoic insects, and represent a wastebasket taxon and paraphyletic assemblage of basal neoptera[citation needed]. They appear during the Middle Carboniferous (late Serpukhovian or early Bashkirian), making them among the earliest known winged insects in the fossil record. Pronotal lobes may be expanded to form a shield. The group includes the ancestors of all other polyneopterous insects.

Families and genera[edit]

Protorthoptera[1]

References[edit]

  1. ^ order †Protorthoptera, Species File (Version 5.0/5.0; retrieved 20 October 2021)
  • Carpenter, F. M. 1992. Superclass Hexapoda. Volume 3 of Part R, Arthropoda 4; Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Boulder, Colorado, Geological Society of America.
  • Grimaldi, David & Engel, Michael S. (2005-05-16). Evolution of the Insects. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-82149-5.