List of marine crustaceans of South Africa

Map of the Southern African coastline showing some of the landmarks referred to in species range statements

The list of marine crustaceans of South Africa is a list of saltwater species that form a part of the crustacean (Phylum Arthropoda, several classes) fauna of South Africa. This list does not include the freshwater and terrestrial crustaceans. The list follows the SANBI listing on iNaturalist, and does not always agree with WoRMS for distribution.

Crustaceans are a group of arthropods that are a part of the subphylum Crustacea (/krəˈstʃə/), a large, diverse group of mainly aquatic arthropods including decapods (shrimps, prawns, crabs, lobsters and crayfish), seed shrimp, branchiopods, fish lice, krill, remipedes, isopods, barnacles, copepods, opossum shrimps, amphipods and mantis shrimp. The crustacean group can be treated as a subphylum under the clade Mandibulata. It is now well accepted that the hexapods (insects and entognathans) emerged deep in the Crustacean group, with the completed group referred to as Pancrustacea. The three classes Cephalocarida, Branchiopoda and Remipedia are more closely related to the hexapods than they are to any of the other crustaceans (oligostracans and multicrustaceans).

The 67,000 described species range in size from Stygotantulus stocki at 0.1 mm (0.004 in), to the Japanese spider crab with a leg span of up to 3.8 m (12.5 ft) and a mass of 20 kg (44 lb). Like other arthropods, crustaceans have an exoskeleton, which they moult to grow. They are distinguished from other groups of arthropods, such as insects, myriapods and chelicerates, by the possession of biramous (two-parted) limbs, and by their larval forms, such as the nauplius stage of branchiopods and copepods.

Most crustaceans are free-living aquatic animals, but some are terrestrial (e.g. woodlice, sandhoppers), some are parasitic (e.g. Rhizocephala, fish lice, tongue worms) and some are sessile (e.g. barnacles). The group has an extensive fossil record, reaching back to the Cambrian. More than 7.9 million tons of crustaceans per year are harvested by fishery or farming for human consumption, consisting mostly of shrimp and prawns. Krill and copepods are not as widely fished, but may be the animals with the greatest biomass on the planet, and form a vital part of the food chain. The scientific study of crustaceans is known as carcinology (alternatively, malacostracology, crustaceology or crustalogy), and a scientist who works in carcinology is a carcinologist. (Full article...)

Class Branchiopoda, subclass Diplostraca, infraclass Cladoceromorpha[edit]

Superorder Cladocera, order Ctenopoda[edit]

family Sididae[edit]

Superorder Cladocera, order Onychopoda[edit]

Family Podonidae[edit]

Class Branchiopoda, subclass Sarsostraca[edit]

Order Anostraca[edit]

Family Artemiidae[edit]

Superclass Multicrustacea, class Hexanauplia, subclass Copepoda, infraclass Neocopepoda[edit]

Superorder Gymnoplea, order Calanoida[edit]

Family Acartiidae[edit]

Family Calanidae[edit]

Family Candaciidae[edit]

Family Centropagidae[edit]

Family Clausocalanidae[edit]

Family Eucalanidae[edit]

Family Euchaetidae[edit]

Family Metridinidae[edit]

Family Paracalanidae[edit]

Family Rhincalanidae[edit]

Family Subeucalanidae[edit]

Superorder Podoplea, order Harpacticoida[edit]

Family Ectinosomatidae[edit]

Family Porcellidiidae[edit]

Superorder Podoplea, order Cyclopoida[edit]

Family Oithonidae[edit]

Superorder Podoplea, order Harpacticoida, suborder Poecilostomatoida[edit]

Family Corycaeidae[edit]

Family Oncaeidae[edit]

Family Sapphirinidae[edit]

Subclass Thecostraca, infraclass Cirripedia[edit]

Superorder Thoracica, order Lepadiformes, suborder Lepadomorpha[edit]

Family Lepadidae[edit]

Family Poecilasmatidae[edit]

Order Scalpelliformes[edit]

Family Calanticidae[edit]

Family Scalpellidae, subfamily Arcoscalpellinae[edit]

Subfamily Meroscalpellinae[edit]

Subfamily Scalpellinae[edit]

Lithotryidae[edit]

Order Sessilia, suborder Balanomorpha[edit]

Superfamily Balanoidea, family Archaeobalanidae, subfamily Acastinae[edit]

Subfamily Archaeobalaninae[edit]

Family Balanidae, subfamily Balaninae[edit]

Subfamily Megabalaninae[edit]

Family Pyrgomatidae, subfamily Pyrgomatinae[edit]

Superfamily Chthamaloidea, family Chthamalidae, subfamily Chthamalinae[edit]

Subfamily Notochthamalinae[edit]

Superfamily Coronuloidea, family Chelonibiidae, subfamily Chelonibiinae[edit]

Family Coronulidae Subfamily Coronulinae[edit]

Superfamily Tetraclitoidea, family Tetraclitidae, subfamily Tetraclitinae[edit]

Class Malacostraca, subclass Eumalacostraca [edit]

Superorder Peracarida, order Amphipoda, suborder Amphilochidea, infraorder Amphilochida, parvorder Amphilochidira[edit]

Superfamily Amphilochoidea, family Amphilochidae[edit]

Superfamily Amphilochoidea, family Bolttsiidae[edit]

Superfamily Amphilochoidea, family Cyproideidae[edit]

Superfamily Amphilochoidea, family Sebidae, subfamily Sebinae[edit]

Superfamily Amphilochoidea, family Stenothoidae, subfamily Stenothoinae[edit]

Superfamily Iphimedioidea, family Amathillopsidae, subfamily Cleonardopsinae[edit]

Superfamily Iphimedioidea, family Dikwidae[edit]

Superfamily Iphimedioidea, family Epimeriidae[edit]

Superfamily Iphimedioidea, family Ochlesidae[edit]

Superfamily Iphimediidae, family Iphimediidae[edit]

Superfamily Leucothoidea, family Leucothoidae[edit]

Superorder Peracarida, order Amphipoda, suborder Amphilochidea, infraorder Amphilochida, parvorder Eusiridira[edit]

Superfamily Eusiroidea, family Eusiridae[edit]

Superfamily Liljeborgioidea, family Liljeborgiidae, subfamily Idunellinae[edit]

Superfamily Liljeborgioidea, family Liljeborgiidae, Subfamily Liljeborgiinae[edit]

Superorder Peracarida, order Amphipoda, suborder Amphilochidea, infraorder Amphilochida, parvorder Oedicerotidira [edit]

Superfamily Oedicerotoidea, family Oedicerotidae[edit]

Superorder Peracarida, order Amphipoda, suborder Amphilochidea, infraorder Lysianassida, Parvorder Haustoriidira[edit]

Superfamily Haustorioidea, family Phoxocephalidae, subfamily Brolginae[edit]

Superfamily Haustorioidea, family Phoxocephalidae, subfamily Harpiniinae[edit]

Superfamily Haustorioidea, family Phoxocephalidae, subfamily Pontharpiniinae[edit]

Superfamily Haustorioidea, family Platyischnopidae[edit]

Superfamily Haustorioidea, family Urothoidae[edit]

Superorder Peracarida, order Amphipoda, suborder Amphilochidea, infraorder Lysianassida, Parvorder Lysianassidira[edit]

Superfamily Aristioidea, family Aristiidae[edit]

Superfamily Aristioidea, family Izinkalidae[edit]

Superfamily Aristioidea, family Trischizostomatidae[edit]

Superfamily Aristioidea, subfamily Wandinidae[edit]

Superfamily Lysianassoidea, family Acidostomatidae[edit]

Superfamily Lysianassoidea, family Amaryllididae, subfamily Amaryllidinae[edit]

Superfamily Lysianassoidea, family Amaryllididae, subfamily Vijayiinae[edit]

Superfamily Lysianassoidea, family Cyphocarididae[edit]

Superfamily Lysianassoidea, family Eurytheneidae[edit]

Superfamily Lysianassoidea, family Lysianassidae, subfamily Conicostomatinae[edit]

Superfamily Lysianassoidea, family Lysianassidae, subfamily Lysianassinae[edit]

Superfamily Lysianassoidea, family Tryphosidae[edit]

Superfamily Lysianassoidea, family Uristidae[edit]

Superfamily Stegocephaloidea, family Stegocephalidae[edit]

Superfamily Stegocephaloidea, family Stegocephalidae, subfamily Parandaniinae[edit]

Superfamily Stegocephaloidea, family Stegocephalidae, subfamily Stegocephalinae[edit]

Superorder Peracarida, order Amphipoda, suborder Amphilochidea, infraorder Lysianassida, Parvorder Synopiidira[edit]

Superfamily Dexaminoidea, family Atylidae, subfamily Nototropiinae[edit]

Superfamily Dexaminoidea, family Dexaminidae, subfamily Dexamininae[edit]

Superfamily Dexaminoidea, family Lepechinellidae[edit]

Superfamily Dexaminoidea, family Dexaminidae, subfamily Polycheriinae[edit]

Superfamily Dexaminoidea, family Dexaminidae, subfamily Prophliantinae[edit]

Superfamily Dexaminoidea, family Pardaliscidae[edit]

Superfamily Synopioidea, family Ampeliscidae[edit]

Superfamily Synopioidea, family Argissidae[edit]

Superfamily Synopioidea, family Synopiidae[edit]

Superorder Peracarida, order Amphipoda, suborder Colomastigidea, infraorder Colomastigida, parvorder Colomastigidira[edit]

Superfamily Colomastigoidea, family Colomastigidae[edit]

Superorder Peracarida, order Amphipoda, suborder Hyperiidea, infraorder Physocephalata, parvorder Physocephalatidira[edit]

Superfamily Phronimoidea, family Hyperiidae[edit]

Superfamily Phronimoidea, family Phronimidae[edit]

Superorder Peracarida, order Amphipoda, suborder Senticaudata, infraorder Bogidiellida, parvorder Bogidiellidira[edit]

Superfamily Bogidielloidea, family Bogidiellidae[edit]

Superorder Peracarida, order Amphipoda, suborder Senticaudata, infraorder Corophiida , parvorder Caprellidira[edit]

Superfamily Caprelloidea, family Caprellidae, subfamily Caprellinae[edit]

Superfamily Caprelloidea, family Caprellidae, subfamily Phtisicinae[edit]

Superfamily Caprelloidea, family Cyamidae[edit]

Superfamily Caprelloidea, family Podoceridae[edit]

Superfamily Microprotopoidea, family Neomegamphopidae[edit]

Superfamily Photoidea, family Ischyroceridae, subfamily Ischyrocerinae, tribe Ischyrocerini[edit]

Superfamily Photoidea, family Ischyroceridae, subfamily Ischyrocerinae, tribe Siphonoecetini[edit]

Superfamily Photoidea, family Kamakidae, subfamily Aorchinae[edit]

Superfamily Photoidea, family Kamakidae, subfamily Kamakinae[edit]

Superfamily Photoidea, family Photidae[edit]

Superorder Peracarida, order Amphipoda, suborder Senticaudata, infraorder Corophiida , parvorder Corophiidira[edit]

Superfamily Aoroidea, family Aoridae[edit]

Superfamily Aoroidea, family Unciolidae, subfamily, Unciolinae[edit]

Superfamily Cheluroidea, family Cheluridae[edit]

Superfamily Chevalioidea, family Chevaliidae[edit]

Superfamily Corophioidea, family Ampithoidae, subfamily Ampithoinae[edit]

Superfamily Corophioidea, family Corophiidae, subfamily Corophiinae, tribe Corophiini[edit]

Superfamily Corophioidea, family Corophiidae, subfamily Protomedeiinae[edit]

Superorder Peracarida, order Amphipoda, suborder Senticaudata, infraorder Gammarida, parvorder Crangonyctidira[edit]

Superfamily Crangonyctoidea, family Paramelitidae[edit]

Superorder Peracarida, order Amphipoda, suborder Senticaudata, infraorder Gammarida, parvorder Gammaridira[edit]

Superfamily Gammaroidea, family Bathyporeiidae[edit]

Superorder Peracarida, order Amphipoda, suborder Senticaudata, infraorder Hadziida, parvorder Hadziidira[edit]

Superfamily Calliopioidea, family Calliopiidae[edit]

Superfamily Calliopioidea, family Cheirocratidae[edit]

Superfamily Calliopioidea, family Megaluropidae[edit]

Superfamily Calliopioidea, family Pontogeneiidae[edit]

Superfamily Hadzioidea, family Eriopisidae[edit]

Superfamily Hadzioidea, family Maeridae[edit]

Superfamily Hadzioidea, family Melitidae[edit]

Superfamily Hadzioidea, family Nuuanuidae[edit]

Superorder Peracarida, order Amphipoda, suborder Senticaudata, infraorder Talitrida, parvorder Talitridira[edit]

Superfamily Hyaloidea, family Dogielinotidae[edit]

Superfamily Hyaloidea, family Hyalidae, subfamily Hyalinae[edit]

Superfamily Hyaloidea, family Phliantidae[edit]

Superfamily Hyaloidea, family Plioplateidae[edit]

Superfamily Hyaloidea, family Temnophliantidae[edit]

Superfamily Talitroidea, family Talitridae[edit]

Class Malacostraca, subclass Eumalacostraca temp break[edit]

Superorder Peracarida, order Cumacea[edit]

Family Bodotriidae, subfamily Vaunthompsoniinae[edit]

Family Gynodiastylidae[edit]

Family Diastylidae[edit]

Superorder Eucarida, order Decapoda, suborder Dendrobranchiata[edit]

Superfamily Penaeoidea, family Aristeidae[edit]

Superfamily Penaeoidea, family Benthesicymidae[edit]

Superfamily Penaeoidea, family Solenoceridae[edit]

Superfamily Penaeoidea, family Penaeidae[edit]

Superfamily Penaeoidea, family Sicyoniidae[edit]

Superfamily Sergestoidea, family Sergestidae[edit]

Superfamily Sergestoidea, family Luciferidae[edit]

Superorder Eucarida, order Decapoda, suborder Pleocyemata, infraorder Achelata[edit]

Family Palinuridae[edit]

Family Scyllaridae, subfamily Arctidinae[edit]

Superorder Eucarida, order Decapoda, suborder Pleocyemata, infraorder Astacidea[edit]

Superfamily Enoplometopoidea, family Enoplometopidae[edit]

Superorder Eucarida, order Decapoda, suborder Pleocyemata, infraorder Anomura[edit]

Superfamily Hippoidea, family Hippidae[edit]

Superfamily Galatheoidea, family Porcellanidae[edit]

Superfamily Paguroidea, family Coenobitidae[edit]

Superfamily Paguroidea, family Diogenidae[edit]

Superfamily Paguroidea, family Paguridae[edit]

Superfamily Paguroidea, family Parapaguridae[edit]

Superorder Eucarida, order Decapoda, suborder Pleocyemata, infraorder Axiidea[edit]

Family Callianassidae, subfamily Callichirinae[edit]

Family Callianassidae, subfamily Callianassinae[edit]

Superorder Eucarida, order Decapoda, suborder Pleocyemata, infraorder Brachyura, section Eubrachyura, subsection Heterotremata[edit]

Superfamily Calappoidea, family Calappidae[edit]

Superfamily Eriphioidea, family Eriphiidae[edit]

Superfamily Hexapodoidea, family Hexapodidae[edit]

Superfamily Hymenosomatoidea, family Hymenosomatidae[edit]

Superfamily Leucosioidea, family Leucosiidae, subfamily Ebaliinae[edit]

Superfamily Majoidea, family Epialtidae, subfamily Epialtinae[edit]

Superfamily Majoidea, family Inachidae[edit]

Superfamily Majoidea, family Majidae, subfamily Majinae[edit]

Superfamily Pilumnoidea, family Pilumnidae, subfamily Pilumninae[edit]

Superfamily, Portunoidea, family Portunidae, subfamily Caphyrinae[edit]

Superfamily, Portunoidea, family Portunidae, subfamily Portuninae[edit]

Superfamily, Portunoidea, family Portunidae, subfamily Thalamitinae[edit]

Superfamily, Portunoidea, family Polybiidae[edit]

Superfamily, Portunoidea, family Thiidae, subfamily Nautilocorystinae[edit]

Family Pseudozioidea, subfamily Pilumnoididae[edit]

checked to here

Family Trapezioidea, subfamily Tetraliidae[edit]

Family Trapeziidae, subfamily Trapeziinae[edit]

Superfamily Xanthoidea, family Xanthidae, subfamily Chlorodiellinae[edit]

Subfamily Etisinae[edit]

Subfamily Xanthinae[edit]

Subfamily Zosiminae[edit]

Eubrachyura (section); Thoracotremata (subsection)[edit]

Superfamily Grapsoidea, family Gecarcinidae[edit]

Family Grapsidae[edit]

Family Percnidae[edit]

Plagusiidae[edit]

Family Sesarmidae[edit]

Family Varunidae, subfamily Cyclograpsinae[edit]

Subfamily Varuninae[edit]

Superfamily Ocypodoidea, family Camptandriidae[edit]

Family Dotillidae[edit]

Family Macrophthalmidae[edit]

Family Ocypodidae, subfamily Ocypodinae[edit]

Subfamily Ucinae[edit]

Superfamily Pinnotheroidea, family Pinnotheridae, subfamily Pinnotherinae[edit]

Parvorder Podotremata[edit]

Superfamily Dromioidea, Family Dromiidae,subfamily Dromiinae[edit]

Brachyura incertae sedis (section)[edit]

Superfamily Potamoidea, family Potamonautidae, subfamily Potamonautinae[edit]

Infraorder Caridea[edit]

Superfamily Alpheoidea, family Alpheidae[edit]

Family Hippolytidae[edit]

Family Ogyrididae[edit]

Family Atyoidea, subfamily Atyidae[edit]

Superfamily Crangonoidea , family Crangonidae[edit]

Family Glyphocrangonidae[edit]

Superfamily Nematocarcinoidea, family Rhynchocinetidae[edit]

Superfamily Oplophoroidea, family Acanthephyridae[edit]

Family Oplophoridae[edit]

Superfamily Palaemonoidea, family Hymenoceridae[edit]

Family Gnathophyllidae[edit]

Family Palaemonidae, subfamily Palaemoninae[edit]

Subfamily Pontoniinae[edit]

Superfamily Pandaloidea, family Pandalidae[edit]

Superfamily Pasiphaeoidea family Pasiphaeidae[edit]

Superfamily Processoidea, family Processidae[edit]

Superfamily Stylodactyloidea, family Stylodactylidae[edit]

Infraorder Gebiidea[edit]

Family Upogebiidae[edit]

Infraorder Stenopodidea[edit]

Family Stenopodidae[edit]

Order Euphausiacea[edit]

Family Euphausiidae[edit]

Superorder Peracarida, order Isopoda, suborder Valvifera[edit]

Family Antarcturidae[edit]

Family Arcturidae[edit]

Family Holidoteidae[edit]

Family Holognathidae[edit]

Family Idoteidae[edit]

Suborder Cymothoida[edit]

Superfamily Anthuroidea, family Anthuridae[edit]

Family Expanathuridae[edit]

Family Hyssuridae[edit]

Family Leptanthuridae[edit]

Family Paranthuridae[edit]

Superfamily Cymothooidea, family Aegidae[edit]

Family Cirolanidae[edit]

family Corallanidae[edit]

Family Cymothoidae[edit]

Family Gnathiidae[edit]

Suborder Limnoriidea[edit]

Superfamily Limnorioidea; family Limnoriidae[edit]

Suborder Sphaeromatidea[edit]

Superfamily Seroloidea, family Bathynataliidae[edit]

Family Serolidae[edit]

Superfamily Sphaeromatoidea, family Ancinidae[edit]

Family Sphaeromatidae