Rank | Country/Territory | Population c. 1900 estimate | Percentage of World Population |
— | World | 1,700,100,000[1] | 100% |
1 | British Empire - British Asia – 301,041,000
-
- India – 241,000,000
- Bangladesh – 30,000,000
- Pakistan – 23,000,000
- Ceylon – 3,912,000
- Malaya – 900,000
- Straits Settlements – 550,000
- Sarawak – 500,000
- Hong Kong – 325,000
- North Borneo – 300,000
- Cyprus – 240,000
- Bahrain – 70,000
- Trucial Oman – 70,000
- Maldives – 57000
- Aden Protectorate – 45,000
- Sheikhdom of Kuwait – 40,000
- Brunei – 22,000
- Qatar – 11,000
- British Africa – 44,587,195
-
- Egypt – 10,000,000[2][3]
- Northern Nigeria – 8,500,000
- Southern Nigeria – 7,500,000
- Anglo-Egyptian Sudan – 5,588,000
- Cape Colony – 2,500,000
- Uganda – 1,649,000
- Gold Coast – 1,486,400
- Kenya – 1,352,000
- Sierra Leone (including protectorate) – 1,027,000
- Colony of Natal – 925,100
- Northern Rhodesia – 770,000
- Nyasaland – 717,000
- Southern Rhodesia – 692,000
- Basutoland – 383,000
- Mauritius– 375,000
- Somaliland – 300,000
- Zanzibar (UK and Oman) – 250,000
- Gambia – 165,000
- Bechuanaland – 90,000
- Swaziland – 90,000
- Seychelles – 22,000
- Witu Sultanate – 15,000
- Saint Helena – 4,500
- Ascension Island – 100
- Tristan da Cunha – 95
- United Kingdom – 44,498,900
- Canada – 5,301,000
- Australia – 3,765,700
- British West Indies – 1,685,000
-
- Jamaica – 720,000
- Trinidad and Tobago – 320,000
- Barbados – 182,000
- Grenada – 70,000
- Bahamas – 55,000
- Saint Lucia – 50,000
- Saint Vincent and the Grenadines – 49,000
- British Honduras – 45,000
- Saint Kitts and Nevis – 45,000
- Antigua and Barbuda – 35,000
- Dominica – 32,000
- Bermuda – 20,000
- Montserrat – 12,000
- Turks and Caicos Islands – 5,500
- British Virgin Islands – 5,000
- Cayman Islands – 5,000
- Anguilla – 4,500
- New Zealand – 802,200
- British Guiana – 300,000
- Newfoundland – 230,000
- Western Pacific Territories – 375,689
- Malta – 195,000
- Gibraltar – 29,000
- Falkland Islands – 2,300
| ~400,800,000[citation needed] | 23.51% |
2 | Qing China | 400,000,000[citation needed] | 23.5% | |
3 | Russian Empire | 136,305,900[citation needed] | 8.0% |
4 | United States | 78,816,167[citation needed] | 4.6% |
5 | French Empire - French Third Republic – 38,900,000
- French Indochina – 15,164,500
- French West Africa – 11,439,000
-
- French Sudan – 2,672,000
- Upper Volta – 2,222,000
- Colony of Niger – 1,459,000
- French Guinea – 1,459,000
- Ivory Coast – 1,355,000
- Senegal – 1,200,000
- Colony of Dahomey and Dependencies – 570,000
- Colony of Mauritania – 502,000
- French North Africa – 5,575,000
- Colony of Madagascar and Dependencies – 2,539,500
- French Equatorial Africa – 1,825,000
- French India – 280,000
- French West Indies – 375,000
- Leased Territory of Guangzhouwan – 185,000
- New Caledonia – 54,000
- French Somaliland – 50,000
- New Hebrides – 50,000
- French Polynesia – 30,000
- French Guiana – 24,000
- Wallis and Futuna – 6,000
- Saint Pierre and Miquelon – 5,000
| 78,790,700[citation needed] | 4.6% |
6 | German Empire - Germany – 56,367,178
- Kamerun – 3,500,000
- German East Africa – 3,500,000
- Ruanda-Urundi – 2,700,000
- Togoland – 920,000
- German South West Africa – 210,000
- German New Guinea – 188,000
- Kiaochow – 60,000
- German Solomon Islands – 50,000
- German Samoa – 37,000
- Caroline Islands – 36,000
- Micronesia – 15,000
- Marshall Islands – 15,000
- Palau – 4,000
- Neutral Moresnet – 3,000
- Mariana Islands – 2,500
- Nauru – 1,500
| 67,609,178[4] | 4.0% |
7 | Dutch Empire | 47,980,100[citation needed] | 2.8% |
8 | Austria-Hungary - Hungary – 6,800,000
- Austria – 6,000,000
- Bohemia – 6,000,000
- Galicia – 5,300,000
- Moravia – 3,000,000
- Slovakia – 2,700,000
- Transylvania – 2,100,000
- Bosnia – 1,600,000
- Dalmatia – 1,300,000
- Carniola – 1,200,000
- Croatia-Slavonia – 1,000,000
- Südtirol – 500,000
| 47,295,100 [citation needed] | 2.8% |
9 | Empire of Japan | 46,605,000[5] | 2.7% |
10 | Kingdom of Italy | 33,095,000[citation needed] | 1.9% |
11 | Ottoman Empire[a] - Turkey – 14,000,000
- Yemen – 2,500,000
- Kosovo – 1,600,000
- Aleppo – 1,500,000
- Salonica – 1,300,000
- Manastir – 1,000,000
- Damascus – 1,000,000
- Eastern Rumelia – 900,000
- Baghdad – 800,000
- Hiyaz – 600,000
- Beirut – 530,000
- Tripoli – 500,000
- Scutari – 350,000
- Cretan State – 310,000
- Mosul – 300,000
- Basora – 200,000
- Zor – 100,000
| 31,706,300[citation needed] | 1.9% |
12 | Sokoto Caliphate | 10-20,000,000[6][7][b] | 0.6-1.1% |
13 | Spanish Empire | 18,834,000[citation needed] | 1.1% |
14 | Brazil | 17,984,000[citation needed] | 1.1% |
16 | Korean Empire | 17,082,000[8] | 1.0% |
17 | Belgian colonial empire | 15,426,500[citation needed] | 0.9% |
18 | Mexico | 13,607,000[citation needed] | 0.8% |
19 | Portuguese Empire - Portugal – 5,450,000
- Portuguese West Africa – 4,790,000
- Portuguese East Africa – 2,239,000
- Portuguese India – 475,000
- Portuguese Timor – 300,000
- Azores – 260,000
- Guinea – 200,000
- Madeira – 160,000
- Cape Verde – 140,000
- Macau – 80,000
- São Tomé and Príncipe – 61,000
| 12,434,000[citation needed] | 0.7% |
20 | Ethiopian Empire | 12,180,600[9] | 0.7% |
21 | Qajar Iran | 9,860,000[citation needed] | 0.6% |
22 | Philippines | 7,409,000[citation needed] | 0.4% |
23 | Union between Sweden and Norway | 7,354,400[citation needed] | 0.4% |
24 | Morocco | 7,000,000[10] | 0.4% |
25 | Siam | 6,320,000[citation needed] | 0.4% |
26 | Romania | 6,000,000[citation needed] | 0.4% |
27 | Afghanistan | 4,550,000[citation needed] | 0.3% |
28 | Argentina | 4,542,000[citation needed] | 0.3% |
29 | Jabal Shammar[c] | ~4,218,000[citation needed] | ~0.2% |
30 | Colombia[d] | 4,157,000[citation needed] | 0.2% |
31 | Bulgaria | 3,744,300[citation needed] | 0.2% |
32 | Nepal[e] | 3,599,000[citation needed] | 0.2% |
33 | Switzerland | 3,315,400[citation needed] | 0.2% |
34 | Chile | 3,110,100[citation needed] | 0.18% |
35 | Peru | 3,000,000[citation needed] | 0.18% |
36 | Serbia | 2,579,800[f][citation needed] | 0.15% |
37 | Danish Empire | 2,569,000[citation needed] | 0.15% |
39 | Venezuela | 2,445,000[citation needed] | 0.14% |
40 | Bolivia | 1,766,000[citation needed] | 0.1% |
41 | South African Republic | 1,400,000[citation needed] | |
42 | Ecuador | 1,271,900[citation needed] | |
43 | Uruguay | 943,000[citation needed] | |
44 | Guatemala | 885,000[citation needed] | |
45 | El Salvador | 801,000[citation needed] | |
46 | Liberia | 641,000[citation needed] | |
47 | Paraguay | 635,600[citation needed] | |
48 | Dominican Republic | 600,000[citation needed] | |
49 | Honduras | 543,700[citation needed] | |
50 | Muscat and Oman | 500,000[citation needed] | |
51 | Nicaragua | 429,300[citation needed] | |
52 | Orange Free State | 400,000[citation needed] | |
53 | Costa Rica | 341,600[citation needed] | |
54 | Montenegro | 320,000[citation needed] | |
55 | Bhutan[g] | 280,000[citation needed] | |
56 | Luxembourg | 252,000[citation needed] | |
57 | Monaco | 19,000[citation needed] | |
58 | San Marino | 11,000[citation needed] | |
59 | Liechtenstein | 10,000[citation needed] | |
60 | Andorra | 6,000[citation needed] | |