List of Russian inventors
This is a list of inventors from the Russian Federation, Soviet Union, Russian Empire, Tsardom of Russia and Grand Duchy of Moscow, including both ethnic Russians and people of other ethnicities.
This list also includes those who were born in Russia or its predecessor states but later emigrated, and those who were born elsewhere but immigrated to the country or worked there for a considerable time, (producing inventions on Russian soil).
For Russian inventions in chronological order, see the Timeline of Russian inventions and technology records.
Alphabetical list[edit]
A[edit]
B[edit]
C[edit]
Portrait | Person | Inventions | Image |
---|---|---|---|
Vladimir Chelomey (1914–1984) Russian Empire Soviet Union | first space station (Salyut 1), further space stations of Salyut series, Proton rocket (the most used heavy lift launch system)[36] | ||
Pavel Cherenkov (1904–1990) Russian Empire Soviet Union | Cherenkov detector[37] | ||
Evgeniy Chertovsky (1902–?) Russian Empire Soviet Union Russian Federation | pressure suit[38] | ||
Alexander Chizhevsky (1897–1964) Russian Empire Soviet Union | air ionizer (Chizhevsky's chandelier)[39] | ||
Andrey Chokhov (c. 1545–1629) Grand Duchy of Moscow Tsardom of Russia | Tsar Cannon, the largest bombard by caliber but inoperative[40] |
D[edit]
E[edit]
Portrait | Person | Inventions | Image |
---|---|---|---|
Ivan Elmanov Russian Empire | first monorail (the so-called "Road on Pillars" near Moscow, with horse-drawn carriages)[48] |
F[edit]
Portrait | Person | Inventions | Image |
---|---|---|---|
Peter Carl Fabergé (1846–1920) Russian Empire | Fabergé Eggs[49] | ||
Nicolas Florine (1891–1972) Russian Empire Belgium (born in Georgia) | first tandem rotor helicopter to fly freely[50] | ||
Ivan Fyodorov (c. 1510–1583) Grand Duchy of Moscow Tsardom of Russia Poland-Lithuania | invented multibarreled mortar, introduced printing in Russia[51] | ||
Svyatoslav Fyodorov (1927–2000) Soviet Union Russian Federation | radial keratotomy[52] | ||
Vladimir Fyodorov (1874–1966) Russian Empire Soviet Union | Fedorov Avtomat (first self-loading battle rifle, arguably the first assault rifle)[53] |
G[edit]
H[edit]
Portrait | Person | Inventions | Image |
---|---|---|---|
Waldemar Haffkine (1860–1930) Russian Empire Switzerland | developed and used first vaccines against cholera and bubonic plague[69][70] |
I[edit]
Portrait | Person | Inventions | Image |
---|---|---|---|
Gavriil Ilizarov (1921–1992) Soviet Union Russian Federation | Ilizarov apparatus, external fixation, distraction osteogenesis[71][72] | ||
Sergey Ilyushin (1894–1977) Russian Empire Soviet Union | Il-series fighter aircraft, including Ilyushin Il-2 bomber (the most produced military aircraft in history)[73] | ||
Aleksei Isaev (1908–1971) Russian Empire Soviet Union (second left on photo) | first rocket-powered fighter aircraft, BI-1 (together with Bereznyak)[25] | ||
Isidore Grand Duchy of Moscow | Russian vodka[74] | ||
Vladislav Ivanov (1936–2007) Soviet Union Russian Federation | Pioneer of Magnetic resonance imaging[75][76][77] |
J[edit]
Portrait | Person | Inventions | Image |
---|---|---|---|
Boris Jacobi (1801–1874) Prussia Russian Empire | electrotyping (an application of electroplating to typography), electric boat[78] |
K[edit]
L[edit]
M[edit]
N[edit]
O[edit]
Portrait | Person | Inventions | Image |
---|---|---|---|
Theophil Wilgodt Odhner (1845–1903) Sweden Russian Empire | the Odhner Arithmometer (a mechanical pinwheel calculator) | ||
Lucien Olivier (1838–1883) Russian Empire (Belgian or French origin) | Russian salad (Olivier salad) |
P[edit]
R[edit]
Portrait | Person | Inventions | Image |
---|---|---|---|
Leonid Ramzin (1887–1948) Russian Empire Soviet Union | straight-flow boiler (Ramzin boiler)[128] | ||
Peter I of Russia (Romanov) (1672–1725) Tsardom of Russia Russian Empire | decimal currency, yacht club, sounding line with separating plummet (sounding weight probe)[129][130][131] | ||
Ida Rosenthal (1886–1973) Russian Empire United States (born in Belarus, Jewish descent) | modern brassiere (Maidenform), the standard of cup sizes, nursing bra, full-figured bra, the first seamed uplift bra (all with her husband William)[132][133][134] | ||
Boris Rosing (1869–1933) Russian Empire Soviet Union | CRT television (first TV system using cathode ray tube on the receiving side)[135][136] | ||
Eugene Roshal (born 1972) Soviet Union Russian Federation | FAR file manager, RAR file format, WinRAR file archiver[137] |
S[edit]
T[edit]
U[edit]
Portrait | Person | Inventions | Image |
---|---|---|---|
Vladimir Utkin (1923–2000) Soviet Union Russian Federation | railcar-launched ICBM (RT-23 Molodets), other Soviet rockets[153] |
V[edit]
Portrait | Person | Inventions | Image |
---|---|---|---|
Vladimir Vakhmistrov (1897–1972) Russian Empire Soviet Union | first bomber with a parasite aircraft (Zveno project) | ||
Viktor Vasnetsov (1848–1926) Russian Empire Soviet Union | budenovka military hat | ||
Vladimir Veksler (1907–1966) Russian Empire Soviet Union | synchrophasotron, co-inventor of synchrotron[34][154] |
W[edit]
Portrait | Person | Inventions | Image |
---|---|---|---|
Paul Walden (1863–1957) Russian Empire Germany (born in Latvia, Baltic German descent) | Walden inversion, Ethylammonium nitrate (the first room temperature ionic liquid) |
Y[edit]
Portrait | Person | Inventions | Image |
---|---|---|---|
Pavel Yablochkov (1847–1894) Russian Empire | Yablochkov candle (first commercially viable electric carbon arc lamp) | ||
Alexander Yakovlev (1906–1989) Russian Empire Soviet Union | Yak-series aircraft, including Yakovlev Yak-40 (the first regional jet) | ||
Vladimir Yourkevitch (1885–1964) Russian Empire France United States | modern ship hull design | ||
Sergei Yudin (1891–1954) Russian Empire Soviet Union | cadaveric blood transfusion and other medical operations[155] |
Z[edit]
Portrait | Person | Inventions | Image |
---|---|---|---|
Ludwik Łazarz Zamenhof (1859–1917) Russian Empire (Poland) | Esperanto language | ||
Yevgeny Zavoisky (1907–1976) Russian Empire Soviet Union | EPR spectroscopy, co-developer of NMR spectroscopy[156] | ||
Nikolay Zelinsky (1861–1953) Russian Empire Soviet Union | the first effective filtering activated charcoal gas mask in the world | ||
Nikolai Zhukovsky (1847–1921) Russian Empire Russian SFSR | an early wind tunnel, co-developer of the Tsar Tank[98][157] | ||
Vladimir Zvorykin (1889–1982) Russian Empire United States | pioneer of television technology Iconoscope, kinescope | ||
Vasily Zvyozdochkin (1876–1956) Russian Empire Soviet Union | matryoshka doll (together with painter Sergey Malyutin)[158] |
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ Bruno Abdank-Abakanowicz (1886). Les intégraphes (in French). Paris: Gauthier-Villars.
- ^ "Invention of the Aerowagon". What Poll?. Archived from the original on 29 January 2016. Retrieved 11 April 2010.
- ^ "Mechanical Advantage". Retrieved 23 October 2016.
- ^ "404. Page Not Found". Archived from the original on 2 July 2010. Retrieved 23 October 2016.
{{cite web}}
: Cite uses generic title (help) - ^ Адамян Ованес Абгарович, Great Soviet Encyclopedia
- ^ Alexandrov's biography (in Russian)
- ^ Alexandrov's biography Archived 3 May 2017 at the Wayback Machine (in Russian)
- ^ Bendazzi, Giannalberto (1995). Cartoons: One Hundred Years of Cinema Animation. Paris, France: Indiana University Press. ISBN 2-910027-75-9
- ^ Biography of Alexeev Archived 28 August 2008 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Low Orbit Helium Assisted Navigator; Lohan; Iss; Nasa; Google; purity, Brexit threatens Cornish pasty's racial; home, Grim-faced 'naut Malenchenko prepares to return; $1m+, One entire US spook base: Yours for. "In search of the Caspian Sea Monster". The Register. Retrieved 23 October 2016.
{{cite web}}
:|last5=
has generic name (help)CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ The Nobel Prize in Physics 2000 – Information for the Public
- ^ "Zhores I. Alferov - Biographical". Retrieved 23 October 2016.
- ^ Altshuller's biography (in Russian)
- ^ Vasily Andreyev Archived 4 May 2009 at the Wayback Machine article on the city site of Bezhetsk (in Russian)
- ^ History of balalaika (in Russian)
- ^ Antonov's biographyArchived 22 May 2009 at the Wayback Machine (in Russian)
- ^ Artsimovich's biography (in Russian)
- ^ Babakin's Biography (in Russian)
- ^ "Biography". 24 December 2012. Archived from the original on 8 August 2010. Retrieved 23 October 2016.
- ^ Barmin's biography (in Russian)
- ^ Basov Nikolay Gennadiyevich Archived 26 September 2010 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Ernest Beaux, Perfumer -- From 'Bouquet of Napoleon' to 'Chanel No.5' to 'Mademoiselle Chanel No.1' (???)". Retrieved 23 October 2016.
- ^ БЕХТЕРЕВА МИКСТУРА (MixturaBechtereva) at medicinelib.ru Archived 15 May 2008 at the Wayback Machine (in Russian)
- ^ Biography of Bernardos by A. A. Chekanov Archived 30 December 2010 at the Wayback Machine (in Russian)
- ^ a b Bereznyak-Isayev BI (in Russian)
- ^ The inventor of tractor (in Russian)
- ^ Our armor is strong and our tanks are fast and our people are full of courage (in Russian)
- ^ "Our History - Just Born - PA Candy Manufacturer". Archived from the original on 15 April 2016. Retrieved 23 October 2016.
- ^ "Helicopter Development in the Early Twentieth Century" Archived 5 May 2012 at the Wayback Machine. centennialofflight.gov. Accessed 10 May 2010.
- ^ "BBC NEWS - Business - Profile: The Google founders". 30 April 2004. Retrieved 23 October 2016.
- ^ Вестник Регистра морского судоходства России[permanent dead link] (in Russian)
- ^ Russian Virtual Computer Museum – Hall of Fame – Nikolay Petrovich Brusentsov. Retrieved 2010-01-25.
- ^ Academician Gersh Itckovich Budker (in Russian)
- ^ a b The brief history of particle accelerators (in Russian)
- ^ Read, J. (1935), Text-Book of Organic Chemistry, London: G Bell & Sons.
- ^ The history of Chelomey's OKB (in Russian)
- ^ "Pavel A. Cherenkov - Biographical". Retrieved 23 October 2016.
- ^ Vita Germetika: A Brief History of Creating and Development of Soviet-Russian space suits Archived 26 September 2007 at the Wayback Machine (in Russian)
- ^ "The A.L.Chizhevsky Science Memorial Cultural Center in Kaluga, Russia". Archived from the original on 1 July 2017. Retrieved 23 October 2016.
- ^ Guinness Book of Records
- ^ Degtyaryov's biography (in Russian)
- ^ The office of the first Russian oligarch Archived 19 May 2017 at the Wayback Machine (in Russian)
- ^ Virtual Museum: Yuri Nikolaevich Denisyuk (in Russian)
- ^ "Michael D. Gordin, J. Chem Education 83 (2006), 561–565" (PDF). Archived from the original on 13 September 2006. Retrieved 8 August 2013.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link) - ^ Доливо-Добровольский Михаил Осипович, Great Soviet Encyclopedia
- ^ "Nikolay A. Dollezhal". Brief History (in Russian). N.A. Dollezhal Research and Development Institute of Power Engineering. Archived from the origi