Jame' Asr Hassanil Bolkiah Mosque

Jame' Asr Hassanil Bolkiah Mosque
Masjid Jame' Asr Hassanil Bolkiah
The mosque in 2014
Religion
Affiliation	Islam
Branch/tradition	Sunni
Ownership	Government of Brunei
Governing body	Department of Mosque Affairs[a]
Location
Location	Kiarong, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei
Geographic coordinates	4°53′52.6″N 114°55′18.4″E / 4.897944°N 114.921778°E / 4.897944; 114.921778
Architecture
Type	mosque
Style	Islamic architecture
Founder	Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah
Groundbreaking	1988
Completed	14 July 1994 (1994-07-14)
Construction cost	US$350 million[2]
Specifications
Capacity	5,000
Dome(s)	29
Minaret(s)	4
Minaret height	58 metres (190 ft)
Site area	20 acres (8.1 ha)

The Jame' Asr Hassanil Bolkiah Mosque (Malay: Masjid Jame' Asr Hassanil Bolkiah) is a mosque in Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei.^[3] It is named after Hassanal Bolkiah, the 29th Sultan of Brunei. It is one of the two state mosques (masjid negara), the other Omar Ali Saifuddien Mosque,^[4] and the largest of all.^[5] It is situated on the northern border of the Kampong Kiarong suburb, 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) northwest of Pusat Bandar.^[6]

Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah summoned John Lawson to the country's capital, in the early 1990s after being inspired by the Englishman's work. Lawson was asked to design the glass dome for a new mosque that would be constructed to honour the Silver Jubilee of Hassanal Bolkiah. Although it was first officially called the Kiarong Mosque, it would go on to be renamed as Jame' Asr Hassanil Bolkiah Mosque.^[7][8] The largest mosque in the nation, spanning 20 acres (8.1 ha),^[9] was given as a gift by the Sultan. The mosque was formally opened on 14 July 1994, which happened to be the Sultan's 48th birthday, after construction started in 1988. The Maghrib and Isyak prayers were performed at the inaugural ceremony.^[9][3][b]

On 15 July 1994, which was also the Sultan's 48th birthday, he himself gave a Friday sermon. This was one of the major events that mosque observed. Prominent people include Benazir Bhutto and Goh Chok Tong in 1996, Queen Elizabeth II in 1998, and King Abdullah II in 2000, have all paid the mosque a visit.^[11] The mosque has gained popularity as a tourist destination, with an average of fifty people every day, excepting Thursdays and the hours before Friday prayers. In addition, the mosque also provides pre-marital education, and offers Al-Quran reading sessions given by nearby religious instructors.^[12]

The mosque features 29 golden domes and four minarets, each standing 58 metres (190 ft).^[13] The domes commemorate the 29 Bruneian Sultans, while the marble stairs, with 29 steps, honour the current 29th Sultan of Brunei, Hassanal Bolkiah. Five water fountains symbolise both the five daily prayers and the five pillars of Islam. The Mihrab is decorated with 24-carat gold-plated tiles and black marble stones, with the largest dome situated above the male prayer hall.^[14] The mosque's air-conditioned interiors,^[15] which can accommodate up to 5,000 worshipers at once,^[9] are designed with imported materials from across the world, including Persian carpets, Italian marble, Philippine hardwood, and gold.^[15]

The air muleh pattern of greenery, which is recognised as a national emblem and symbolises the Malay identity and spirit of the Bruneians, was a prominent architectural adornment on this tower. The mosque's interior design incorporates air muleh patterns in the minaret walls, entablatures, and chandelier glasswork. The octagonal tessera in the minarets creates a "pixelated" effect reminiscent of traditional Bruneian woven textiles, while the main hall's chandelier subtly showcases wing pairs, a component of the royal and national insignia.^[16]

Among the features are the separate prayer sections for men and women, an administration block, a multipurpose hall, a VIP conference room, a library, a royal suite, and a VIP lounge and eating area.^[12] The 60,000 square feet (5,600 m²) male prayer hall of the mosque can hold up to 3,500 attendees. Beneath its ornate dome is a gold-plated chandelier crafted from Austrian strass crystal glass. The hall's construction is made up of marble from Italy and a dome made in Malaysia, as well as 48 window arches decorated with Quranic calligraphy. Similarly, the female prayer hall (first floor) can hold up to 1,000 worshipers and has a chandelier at the middle of its dome.^[17]

The mosque have spaces dedicated to male and female ablution. The automatic areas are run by US-based sensors, while the manual areas are fully automated. Named for the late State Mufti Ismail Omar Abdul Aziz, the mosque's library houses two different kinds of collections: a General Collection that has over 22,000 copies of over 5,000 titles on various topics related to Islam, and a Reference Collection that includes theses, manuscripts, encyclopedias, and journals. During business hours, which are from 2:15 PM to 4:00 PM and 8:30 AM to 11:45 AM, the library is available to the public.^[11]

The Tanah Perkuburan Islam Kampung Kiarong (Kampong Kiarong Islamic Cemetery),^[18] sometimes referred to as Jame Asr Cemetery,^[19] is situated near the mosque.^[18] Notable burials are:

• Mahmud Saedon
• Pengiran Mohammad Yusof Limbang
• Abidin Abdul Rashid, former Deputy Minister of Home Affairs^[20]
• Victims of the 2012 Rampayoh helicopter crash
  • Ismael Samid
  • Pengiran Haji Arif Iskandar^[21]
  • Khairol Mahdi Sahri
• Mashud Damit, Brunei's first winner of the International Quran Recital Competition
• Ali Mohammad Daud, former Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs^[22]
• Abu Bakar Ibrahim, former member of Legislative Council^[23]

• 
  The mosque's main entrance
• 
  Interior of the mosque; first floor
• 
  Inside the mosque; close-up of the staircase and elevator
• 
  Royal emblem on the gate of the mosque
• 
  Walkway to the mosque; shoe racks on each side
• 
  Close-up on one of the minarets

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