• Thumbnail for Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977
    The Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1978 (SMCRA) is the primary federal law that regulates the environmental effects of coal mining in the...
    14 KB (1,354 words) - 20:19, 16 January 2024
  • Thumbnail for Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement
    agency entrusted with the implementation and enforcement of the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977 (SMCRA), which attached a per-ton fee...
    10 KB (1,033 words) - 16:45, 31 January 2024
  • Thumbnail for Mountaintop removal mining
    Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977 list "the restoration of land and water resources" as a priority. Historically, reforested mining sites...
    72 KB (8,440 words) - 20:01, 15 April 2024
  • Thumbnail for Surface mining
    laws and regulations which mining companies have to strictly follow. In the United States, the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977 mandates...
    27 KB (3,206 words) - 02:04, 13 March 2024
  • Thumbnail for Mine reclamation
    voluntary reclamation program in 1965, in which the mine operators were expected to act on their own to restore mined lands. The Surface Mining Control and Reclamation...
    22 KB (2,539 words) - 18:33, 11 March 2024
  • Thumbnail for August 1977
    signed the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977, requiring mining companies to restore the condition of land where strip mining had been used...
    63 KB (9,231 words) - 00:14, 16 January 2024
  • Thumbnail for United States Bureau of Mines
    of Labor, and replaced MESA. Congress created the Office of Surface Mining with the passage of the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977...
    16 KB (1,520 words) - 09:32, 23 October 2023
  • Thumbnail for Environmental justice and coal mining in Appalachia
    federal agency tasked with regulating strip-mining under the Federal Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act (SMCRA). According to OSM, "[t]o the extent...
    53 KB (6,607 words) - 22:35, 10 March 2024
  • Liability Act Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977 Endangered Species Act of 1973 Emergency Planning and Community Right To Know Act of 1986-...
    6 KB (770 words) - 04:56, 23 August 2022
  • Thumbnail for Environmental issues in Appalachia
    Environmental issues in Appalachia (category Coal mining in Appalachia)
    removal mining has been practiced since the 1960s. The Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977 (SMCRA) was signed into law by President Jimmy Carter...
    36 KB (4,321 words) - 11:49, 28 April 2024