electromagnetism, polarization density (or electric polarization, or simply polarization) is the vector field that expresses the volumetric density of permanent...

but with a finite p. This quantity is used in the definition of polarization density. An object with an electric dipole moment p is subject to a torque...

Dielectric polarization, charge separation in insulating materials: Polarization density, volume dielectric polarization Dipolar polarization, orientation...

is the (macroscopic) density of the permanent and induced electric dipole moments in the material, called the polarization density. The displacement field...

causing an increase in the state of polarization, expressed as the polarization density P. A changing state of polarization is equivalent to a current. Both...

1016/B978-0-08-010586-4.50007-9. ISBN 978-0-08-010586-4. Fano, Ugo (1995). "Density matrices as polarization vectors". Rendiconti Lincei. 6 (2): 123–130. doi:10.1007/BF03001661...

=\mathbf {P} \cdot \mathbf {\hat {n}} \,.} where P is the polarization density, i.e. density of electric dipole moments within the material, and dV is...

a matrix) relating an electric field E to the induced dielectric polarization density P such that P=ε0χeE,{\displaystyle \mathbf {P} =\varepsilon _{0}\chi...

Clausius–Mossotti relation (below) which connects the bulk behaviour (polarization density due to an external electric field according to the electric susceptibility...

a tensor) relating an electric field E to the induced dielectric polarization density P such that P = ε 0 χ E , {\displaystyle \mathbf {P} =\varepsilon...