of molar ionization energies, measured in kJ⋅mol−1. This is the energy per mole necessary to remove electrons from gaseous atoms or atomic ions. The first...

Macmillan's Chemical and Physical Data, Macmillan, London, UK, 1992. NIST Atomic Spectra Database Ionization Energies Molar ionization energies of the elements...

in higher ionization energies. The term ionization potential is an older and obsolete term for ionization energy, because the oldest method of measuring...

energies of the elements (data page) — Ionization energy (in eV) and molar ionization energies (in kJ/mol) Melting points of the elements (data page) —...

trends of the atomic radii (and of various other chemical and physical properties of the elements) can be explained by the electron shell theory of the atom;...

ionization is electron ionization (EI). Soft ionization refers to the processes which impart little residual energy onto the subject molecule and as...

coined the term "radioactivity" to define the emission of ionizing radiation by some heavy elements. (Later the term was generalized to all elements.) Their...

used three criteria to describe the six elements commonly recognised as metalloids: metalloids have ionization energies around 200 kcal/mol (837 kJ/mol)...

197300121. Matsumoto, Paul S (2005). "Trends in Ionization Energy of Transition-Metal Elements". Journal of Chemical Education. 82 (11): 1660. Bibcode:2005JChEd...

are held constant, and the number of particles is expressed in moles, the chemical potential is the partial molar Gibbs free energy. At chemical equilibrium...