the marine food web (secondary consumers). If phytoplankton dies before it is eaten, it descends through the euphotic zone as part of the marine snow...

webs, detrital food webs, marine food webs, aquatic food webs, soil food webs, Arctic (or polar) food webs, terrestrial food webs, and microbial food...

Fishing down the food web is the process whereby fisheries in a given ecosystem, "having depleted the large predatory fish on top of the food web, turn to increasingly...

the general foundation of the ocean food chain, particularly phytoplankton which are key primary producers. Marine invertebrates exhibit a wide range of...

foundation of the marine food web, polynyas are a critical food source for a variety of organisms such as fish, birds, and marine mammals. Listed below...

These impact marine ecosystems and food webs and may result in consequences as yet unrecognised for the biodiversity and continuation of marine life forms...

provide a crucial source of food to many small and large aquatic organisms, such as bivalves, fish, and baleen whales. Marine plankton include bacteria...

on food webs across marine environments as well as on a more macro scale on the global carbon budget. Viral shunt influences carbon cycling in marine environments...

conditions, and survive wherever they are." Marine microorganisms serve as "the foundation of all marine food webs, recycling major elements and producing...

A food chain is a linear network of links in a food web, often starting with an autotroph (such as grass or algae), also called a producer, and typically...