trigonometry, the law of cosines (also known as the cosine formula or cosine rule) relates the lengths of the sides of a triangle to the cosine of one of its angles...

spherical trigonometry, the law of cosines (also called the cosine rule for sides) is a theorem relating the sides and angles of spherical triangles, analogous...

the cosine of the angle θ between the observer's line of sight and the surface normal; I = I0 cos θ. The law is also known as the cosine emission law or...

the "law of cosines" is a pair of theorems relating the sides and angles of triangles on a hyperbolic plane, analogous to the planar law of cosines from...

and angles in scalene triangles, with the other being the law of cosines. The law of sines can be generalized to higher dimensions on surfaces with constant...

+\beta )}}.} The law of tangents, although not as commonly known as the law of sines or the law of cosines, is equivalent to the law of sines, and can be...

written using cosines (sometimes called the spherical law of cosines, not to be confused with the law of cosines for plane geometry) instead of haversines...

accessible enclosed distance. The law of cosines (also known as the cosine formula or cosine rule) is an extension of the Pythagorean theorem: c 2 = a...

{\displaystyle x} and y {\displaystyle y} , sine and cosine can be expressed in terms of real sines, cosines, and hyperbolic functions as sin ⁡ z = sin ⁡ x...

{b}{R}}} where cosh is the hyperbolic cosine. This formula is a special form of the hyperbolic law of cosines that applies to all hyperbolic triangles:...