11.0485050°E / 49.4543383; 11.0485050 The Judges' Trial (German: Juristenprozess; or, the Justice Trial, or, officially, The United States of America...

whole". The work of the judges was made more difficult due to the broadness of the crimes listed in the Nuremberg Charter. The judges did not attempt to define...

judges, makes findings of law based upon the applicable law. In most common law jurisdictions, the trial court often sits with a jury and one judge;...

A bench trial is a trial by judge, as opposed to a trial by jury. The term applies most appropriately to any administrative hearing in relation to a summary...

is distinguished from a bench trial in which a judge or panel of judges makes all decisions. Jury trials are used in a significant share of serious criminal...

sentenced to death. The trial's presiding judge, Oswald Rothaug, was later tried at the Nuremberg trials (see Judges' Trial) and sentenced to life imprisonment...

initial Nuremberg Trial against the major war criminals to hold another twelve trials in Nuremberg. The judges in all these trials were American, and...

Chief Trial Judge Dan Haywood (Tracy), before which four judges and prosecutors (as compared to sixteen defendants in the actual Judges' Trial) stand...

during trials (known as the bench). American judges frequently wear black robes. American judges have ceremonial gavels, although American judges have court...

criminal trials by introducing lay judges. Lay judges comprise the majority of the judicial panel. They do not form a jury separate from the judges, as in...