transcription delimiters. A-mutation is a metaphonic process supposed to have taken place in late Proto-Germanic (c. 200). In a-mutation, a short high vowel (*/u/...

transcription delimiters. The Germanic umlaut (sometimes called i-umlaut or i-mutation) is a type of linguistic umlaut in which a back vowel changes to the...

uncommon practice, and would be ambiguous, as that term also refers to Germanic a-mutation. The digraph ⟨äu⟩ is used for the fronting diphthong [ɔʏ] (otherwise...

important in the morphology of the languages. I-mutation took place separately in the various Germanic languages from around 450 or 500 CE in the North...

Grimm's law Holtzmann's law Sievers' law Verner's law Kluge's law Germanic a-mutation Germanic umlaut (all of the early languages except for Gothic) Great Vowel...

The Germanic languages are a branch of the Indo-European language family spoken natively by a population of about 515 million people mainly in Europe...

of i-mutation and may be compared to the Germanic umlaut, and a-affection is similar to Germanic a-mutation. More rarely, the term "affection", like "umlaut"...

eliminated the Proto-Germanic overlong vowels. /o/ had developed from /u/ through a-mutation. It also occurred word-finally as a result of the shortening...

posits a process of consonant mutation for Proto-Germanic, under the name consonant gradation. (This is distinct from the consonant mutation processes...

frequently cited for alternative views on early linguistic changes (e.g. Germanic a-mutation). Cercignani's notable work on The Consonants of German: Synchrony...