Evolution of cells refers to the evolutionary origin and subsequent evolutionary development of cells. Cells first emerged at least 3.8 billion years ago...

81% of the total biomass of Earth. Eukaryotes range in size from single cells to organisms weighing many tons Prokaryotes (small cylindrical cells, bacteria...

between cells that appear to be used for transfer of DNA from one cell to another. Another archaeon, Sulfolobus solfataricus, transfers DNA between cells by...

provided as an overview of and topical guide to evolution: In biology, evolution is change in the heritable characteristics of biological organisms over...

proteins. Cells were discovered by Robert Hooke in 1665, who named them after their resemblance to cells inhabited by Christian monks in a monastery. Cell theory...

important distinction between germ cells that give rise to gametes (such as sperm and egg cells) and the somatic cells of the body, demonstrating that heredity...

up of cells that process hereditary information encoded in genes, which can be transmitted to future generations. Another major theme is evolution, which...

single-celled propagule; this single cell asexually reproduces by undergoing 2–5 rounds of mitosis as a small clump of non-motile cells, then all cells become...

skeletal muscle cell is long and threadlike with many nuclei and is called a muscle fiber. Muscle cells develop from embryonic precursor cells called myoblasts...

directly on the protein or RNA without any cells (in vitro evolution). During in vivo evolution, each cell (usually bacteria or yeast) is transformed...