Ecosystem ecology is the integrated study of living (biotic) and non-living (abiotic) components of ecosystems and their interactions within an ecosystem...

an ecosystem.: 324  An ecosystem engineer is any organism that creates, significantly modifies, maintains or destroys a habitat. Ecosystem ecology is...

physical environment. Ecology considers organisms at the individual, population, community, ecosystem, and biosphere level. Ecology overlaps with the closely...

especially ecosystems. Systems ecology can be seen as an application of general systems theory to ecology. Central to the systems ecology approach is...

these two ecosystems form the more general study area of freshwater or aquatic ecology. The following unifying characteristics make the ecology of running...

aquatic ecosystem is an ecosystem found in and around a body of water, in contrast to land-based terrestrial ecosystems. Aquatic ecosystems contain communities...

In ecology, the term productivity refers to the rate of generation of biomass in an ecosystem, usually expressed in units of mass per volume (unit surface)...

An ecosystem, short for ecological system, is defined as a collection of interacting organisms within a biophysical environment.: 458  Ecosystems are never...

Energy flow is the flow of energy through living things within an ecosystem. All living organisms can be organized into producers and consumers, and those...

An ecosystem engineer is any species that creates, significantly modifies, maintains or destroys a habitat. These organisms can have a large impact on...