The covariant formulation of classical electromagnetism refers to ways of writing the laws of classical electromagnetism (in particular, Maxwell's equations...

role in QED. Classification of electromagnetic fields Covariant formulation of classical electromagnetism Electromagnetic stress–energy tensor Gluon field...

Maxwell's theory with a differential form approach. Covariant formulation of classical electromagnetism Special relativity Liénard–Wiechert potential Moving...

theory of special relativity plays an important role in the modern theory of classical electromagnetism. It gives formulas for how electromagnetic objects...

transform of A {\displaystyle A} can thus be written as A ⇒ A + d α {\displaystyle A\Rightarrow A+d\alpha } . Four-vector Covariant formulation of classical electromagnetism...

Classical electromagnetism or classical electrodynamics is a branch of theoretical physics that studies the interactions between electric charges and currents...

density. Ricci calculus Covariant formulation of classical electromagnetism Mathematical descriptions of the electromagnetic field Maxwell's equations...

and Covariant formulation of classical electromagnetism.) Today few problems in electromagnetism remain unsolved. These include: the lack of magnetic monopoles...

electroweak interactions. Four-vector Noether's theorem Covariant formulation of classical electromagnetism Ricci calculus Rindler, Wolfgang (1991). Introduction...

the electromagnetic wave equation Larmor formula Covariant formulation of classical electromagnetism Maxwell's equations in curved spacetime Abraham–Lorentz...