A pre-entry closed shop (or simply closed shop) is a form of union security agreement under which the employer agrees to hire union members only, and employees...

In labor law, a union shop, also known as a post-entry closed shop, is a form of a union security clause. Under this, the employer agrees to either only...

An open shop is a place of employment at which one is not required to join or financially support a union (closed shop) as a condition of hiring or continued...

union generally operate on one of several models: A closed shop (US) or a "pre-entry closed shop" (UK) employs only people who are already union members...

Agency Shop Agreements". Department of Labour. Archived from the original on 11 February 2006. Retrieved 24 June 2006. "Basic Guide to Closed Shop Agreements"...

the "closed shop" in which employees are required to be members of a union as a condition of employment, but allows the union shop or "agency shop" in...

help back a campaign to enact closed-shop rulings in California. DeMille, an AFRA member but a stern opponent of closed shops, refused to pay because he...

The Stop & Shop Supermarket Company, known as Stop & Shop, is a regional chain of supermarkets located in the northeastern United States. From its beginnings...

political strikes, secondary boycotts, secondary and mass picketing, closed shops, and monetary donations by unions to federal political campaigns. The...

determined that they must make baseball's highest level of competition a "closed shop", with a strict limit on the number of teams, and with each member having...