Simón Rodríguez. Although Chávez himself referred to his ideology as bolivarianismo ("Bolivarianism"), Chávez's supporters and opponents in Venezuela refer...

Cultura Economica. ISBN 978-607-16-2248-8. Mora, Enrique Ayala (1991). El bolivarianismo en el Ecuador (in Spanish). Corporación Editora Nacional. ISBN 978-9978-84-085-6...

to guard various representations of Chávez throughout the country. Bolivarianismo uses emotional arguments to gain attention, exploit the fears (either...