The papal election held from 4 to 7 September 1159 following the death of Pope Adrian IV resulted in the election of two rival candidates. A majority...

been 110 papal elections that have produced popes currently recognized by the Catholic Church as legitimate. There was no fixed process for papal succession...

Papal Schism of 1159". The English Historical Review. 51 (202): 264–268. doi:10.1093/ehr/LI.CCII.264. ISSN 0013-8266. JSTOR 553521. In September 1159...

as a Ghibelline antipope in 1159, following the death of Pope Adrian IV and the election of Alexander III. His election was supported by Emperor Frederick...

Imperial election 1153 papal election 1154 papal election 1159 papal election 1169 Imperial election 1181 papal election 1185 papal election October 1187...

ruler of the Papal States from 7 September 1159 until his death in 1181. A native of Siena, Alexander became pope after a contested election, but had to...

1 September 1159, also Hadrian IV) was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 4 December 1154 to his death in 1159. He is the only...

between Frederick Barbarossa and Pope Alexander III following the 1159 papal election, Bishop Egino of Chur sided with the emperor and was rewarded with...

The 1154 papal election followed the death of Pope Anastasius IV and resulted in the election of Pope Adrian IV, the only Englishman to become pope. Pope...

The 1268–71 papal election (from November 1268 to 1 September 1271), following the death of Pope Clement IV, was the longest papal election in the history...