Qingdao and Jinan in what they called the "First Shandong Expedition" (第一山東出兵, Dai-ichi Santō Shuppei), ostensibly to protect Japanese civilians in anticipation...

Railway. This was known in Japanese as the Second Shandong Expedition (第二山東出兵, Dai-ni Santo Shuppei). Although Fukuda had acted on his own initiative,...

History of Ming《明史》（卷142）：“鉉與庸等乘城守禦。燕兵堤水灌城，築長圍，晝夜攻擊。鉉以計焚其攻具，間出兵奮擊。又遣千人出城詐降。燕王大喜，軍中皆歡呼。鉉伏壯士城上，候王入，下鐵板擊之。別設伏、斷橋。既而失約，王未入城板驟下。王驚走，伏發，橋倉卒不可斷，...

Jiangzhou (絳州知府), vice chief inspector (副都御史), Overseer of Shandong province (巡撫山東) and the Overseer of the imperial guards (籌建營衛巡司) . In late August 1592, he...

T'sao and the Rise of Wei: The Early Years. Columbia University. p. 303. 乃出兵東市，遙為之勢。其將楊醜，殺楊以應太祖。楊將眭固殺醜，將其眾，欲北合袁紹。太祖遣史渙邀擊，破之於犬城，斬固，盡收其眾也 Sanguozhi vol.8...

12: 辛巳，庸軍及燕兵遇於夾河。庸結陣甚堅，陣旁火車銳弩齊列。燕王以輕騎掠陣過，庸追卻之，乃復以步騎攻其左掖，不能入。燕將譚淵，從中軍望見塵起，遽出兵逆擊之。都指揮莊得，率眾殊死戰，遂合庸軍，斬淵及其部下董真保於陣。燕王與朱能、張武等，復以勁騎繞出南軍背，乘暮掩擊，莊得陷陣死，又殺楚智、張皂旗。 Ming...

德禦之，友德率兵二千餘泛舟至呂梁，伺其出掠，即舍舟登入擊之。李二遣禆將韓乙盛兵迎戰，友德奮槊刺韓乙墜馬，其兵敗去。友德度李二必益兵來鬥，趨還城開門，出兵陳城外，令士皆臥槍以待。有頃，李二果率眾至，友德令鳴鼓，我師奮起，沖其前鋒。李二眾大潰，多溺死，遂生擒李二及其將士二百七十餘人，獲馬五百餘疋。 Twitchett...