ISBN 4005003354 p.153 日本国語大辞典, 精選版. "薄の穂(すすきのほ)とは？ 意味や使い方". コトバンク (in Japanese). Retrieved 2023-08-07. Shimizu, Katsuyuki, forth chapter "喧嘩両成敗の誕生"講談社選書メチエ...

and allowed some free marketplaces, and the principle of kenka ryōseibai (喧嘩両成敗), which punished both sides involved in brawls. In the Edo period (1603–1868)...