Substitutionary atonement, also called vicarious atonement, is a central concept within Western Protestant Christian theology which asserts that Jesus...

substitution, also called penal substitutionary atonement and especially in older writings forensic theory, is a theory of the atonement within Protestant Christian...

are three aspects to Christ's atonement according to the early Church: vicarious atonement [substitutionary atonement], the eschatological defeat of...

death and the devil. Thus while the idea of substitutionary atonement is present in nearly all atonement theories,[citation needed] the specific idea...

Unlimited atonement (sometimes called general atonement or universal atonement) is a doctrine in Protestant Christianity that states Jesus died as a propitiation...

religion, atonement is "a spiritual concept which has been studied since time immemorial in Biblical and Kabbalistic texts", while "[s]tories of atonement are...

their sins against God. Limited atonement (also called definite atonement) asserts that Jesus's substitutionary atonement was definite and certain in its...

sake of their forgiveness. Objective paradigm: Because Christ's atonement is substitutionary, the theory is based on an objective paradigm. Substitution in...

Wesleyan–Arminian theology falls squarely in the tradition of substitutionary atonement, though it is linked with Christus Victor and moral influence...

that Jesus performed a substitutionary atonement; in contrast with other Christian denominations, the church teaches this atonement began in the garden of...