summarizes basic academic ranks in the French higher education system. Most academic institutions are state-run and most academics with permanent positions...

research establishment. The academic ranks indicate relative importance and power of individuals in academia. The academic ranks are specific for each country...

Academic ranks in India are the titles, relative importance and power of professors, researchers, and administrative personnel held in academia.[citation...

Academic ranks in Spain are the titles, relative importance and authority of professors, researchers, and administrative personnel held in academia. According...

Academic ranks in China are the titles, relative importance and power of professors, researchers, and administrative personnel held in academia. Most universities...

Academic ranks in Italy are the titles, relative importance and power of professors, researchers, and administrative personnel held in academia. Faculty...

Academic ranks in Germany are the titles, relative importance and power of professors, researchers, and administrative personnel held in academia. Appointment...

Academic ranks in Denmark are the positions and titles of professors, researchers, and administrative personnel held in academia at Danish institutions...

Academic ranks in higher education in Australia and New Zealand derive from a common heritage in the British university system. The system of academic...

Academic ranks in the United States are the titles, relative importance and power of professors, researchers, and administrative personnel held in academia...