List of presidents of Madagascar
President of Madagascar | |
---|---|
Filohan'i Madagasikara (Malagasy) Président de Madagascar (French) | |
since 16 December 2023 | |
Style | President His Excellency |
Status | Head of state |
Residence | Iavoloha Palace |
Term length | 5 years, renewable once |
Inaugural holder | Philibert Tsiranana |
Formation | 1 May 1959 |
Madagascar portal |
This is a list of presidents of Madagascar, since the establishment of the office of President in 1959, during the Malagasy Republic.
Term limits
[edit]As of 2021, there is a two-term limit for the president in the Constitution of Madagascar. The term limit has not been met by any president yet.[1]
List of officeholders
[edit]- Political parties
Social Democratic Party (PSD)
Malagasy Revolutionary Party (AREMA)
National Union for Democracy and Development (UNDD)
I Love Madagascar (TIM)
Hery Vaovao ho an'i Madagasikara (HVM)
- Other factions
- Status
Denotes Acting President
No. | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) | Elected | Term of office | Political party | Prime minister(s) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Took office | Left office | Time in office | ||||||
Malagasy Republic (within the French Community) | ||||||||
— | Philibert Tsiranana (1912–1978) | — | 1 May 1959 | 26 June 1960 | 1 year, 56 days | PSD | Position abolished | |
Malagasy Republic (independent country) | ||||||||
1 | Philibert Tsiranana (1912–1978) | 1965 1972 | 26 June 1960 | 11 October 1972 (resigned.)[a] | 12 years, 107 days | PSD | Ramanantsoa | |
2 | Gabriel Ramanantsoa (1906–1979)[b] | 1972 (referendum) | 11 October 1972 | 5 February 1975 (resigned.) | 2 years, 117 days | Military | Himself | |
— | Richard Ratsimandrava (1931–1975)[b] | — | 5 February 1975 | 11 February 1975 (assassinated.) | 6 days | Military | Position abolished | |
— | Gilles Andriamahazo (1919–1989)[c] | — | 12 February 1975 | 15 June 1975 | 123 days | Military | ||
— | Didier Ratsiraka (1936–2021)[d] | — | 15 June 1975 | 30 December 1975 | 198 days | Military | ||
Democratic Republic of Madagascar | ||||||||
3 | Didier Ratsiraka (1936–2021)[e] | 1982 1989 | 30 December 1975 | 12 January 1992 | 16 years, 13 days | Military / AREMA | Rakotomalala Rakotoniaina Rakotoarijaona Ramahatra Razanamasy | |
Third Republic of Madagascar | ||||||||
(3) | Didier Ratsiraka (1936–2021) | — | 12 January 1992 | 27 March 1993 | 1 year, 74 days | AREMA | Razanamasy | |
4 | Albert Zafy (1927–2017) | 1992–93 | 27 March 1993 | 5 September 1996 (resigned.) | 3 years, 162 days | UNDD | Razanamasy Ravony Rakotovahiny Ratsirahonana | |
— | Norbert Ratsirahonana (born 1938) | — | 5 September 1996 | 9 February 1997 | 157 days | AVI | Himself | |
(3) | Didier Ratsiraka (1936–2021) | 1996 | 9 February 1997 | (25 February 2002)[f] 5 July 2002 | 5 years, 146 days | AREMA | Ratsirahonana Rakotomavo Andrianarivo Rasolondraibe | |
5 | Marc Ravalomanana (born 1949) | 2001 2006 | (22 February 2002)[g] 5 July 2002 | 17 March 2009 (deposed.) | 6 years, 255 days | TIM | Sylla Rabemananjara | |
— | Hyppolite Ramaroson (born 1951)[h] | — | 17 March 2009 | Several hours | Military | Position vacant | ||
High Transitional Authority | ||||||||
— | Andry Rajoelina (born 1974) | — | (7 February 2009) 17 March 2009 | 25 January 2014 | 4 years, 314 days | TGV | Roindefo Mangalaza Manorohanta Vital Beriziky | |
Fourth Republic of Madagascar | ||||||||
6 | Hery Rajaonarimampianina (born 1958) | 2013 | 25 January 2014 | 7 September 2018 | 4 years, 225 days | HVM | Beriziky Kolo Ranelonarivo Solonandrasana Ntsay | |
— | Rivo Rakotovao (born 1960) | — | 7 September 2018 | 19 January 2019 | 134 days | HVM | Ntsay | |
7 | Andry Rajoelina (born 1974) | 2018 | 19 January 2019 | 9 September 2023 | 4 years, 233 days | TGV | Ntsay | |
— | Council of Ministers Prime Minister: Christian Ntsay (born 1961) | — | 9 September 2023 | 27 October 2023 | 48 days | Independent | Himself | |
— | Richard Ravalomanana (born 1959) | — | 27 October 2023 | 16 December 2023 | 50 days | Independent | Ntsay | |
(7) | Andry Rajoelina (born 1974) | 2023 | 16 December 2023 | Incumbent | 320 days | TGV | Ntsay |
Timeline
[edit]Term of office in years
[edit]This is a list of each president (excluding acting presidents) in order of term length.
Of the 7 people that has served as president, only two, Didier Ratsiraka and Andry Rajoelina, served in non consecutive periods.
Rank | President | Political party | Longest continuous term | Total time in office | Periods |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Didier Ratsiraka | Military/AREMA | 17 years, 285 days | 23 years, 66 days | 2 |
2 | Philibert Tsiranana | PSD | 13 years, 163 days | 13 years, 163 days | 1 |
3 | Andry Rajoelina | TGV | 4 years, 314 days | 10 years, 136 days | 3 |
4 | Marc Ravalomanana | TIM | 6 years, 255 days | 6 years, 255 days | 1 |
5 | Hery Rajaonarimampianina | HVM | 4 years, 225 days | 4 years, 225 days | 1 |
6 | Albert Zafy | UNDD | 3 years, 162 days | 3 years, 162 days | 1 |
7 | Gabriel Ramanantsoa | Military | 2 years, 117 days | 2 years, 117 days | 1 |
Latest election
[edit]Candidate | Party | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Andry Rajoelina | Young Malagasies Determined | 2,858,947 | 58.96 | |
Siteny Randrianasoloniaiko | Fitambolagnela IAD–PSD–RPSD Vaovao–ABA | 697,691 | 14.39 | |
Marc Ravalomanana | Tiako i Madagasikara | 586,282 | 12.09 | |
Hery Rajaonarimampianina | Hery Vaovao ho an'ny Madagasikara | 251,144 | 5.18 | |
Hajo Andrianainarivelo | Malagasy Miara-Miainga | 91,832 | 1.89 | |
Tahina Razafinjoelina | Firaisankinan'ny Tia Tanindrazana | 76,553 | 1.58 | |
Roland Ratsiraka | Malagasy Tonga Saina | 76,858 | 1.59 | |
Jean Brunelle Razafintsiandraofa | Antoko Politika Madio | 63,474 | 1.31 | |
Sendrison Daniela Raderanirina | Fandrosoa Faritsy iaby ho an'i Madagasikara | 38,966 | 0.80 | |
Lalaina Harilanto Ratsirahonanana | Antoko Fihavanantsika | 32,608 | 0.67 | |
Andry Tsiverizo Raobelina Andriamalala | Anjomara sy Rivo-baovao | 30,198 | 0.62 | |
Auguste Richard Paraina | Tsara Tahafina | 29,874 | 0.62 | |
Jean-Jacques Jedidia Ratsietison | Fahefa mividy no ilain'ny Malagasy | 14,468 | 0.30 | |
Total | 4,848,895 | 100.00 | ||
Valid votes | 4,848,895 | 94.72 | ||
Invalid/blank votes | 270,123 | 5.28 | ||
Total votes | 5,119,018 | 100.00 | ||
Registered voters/turnout | 11,043,836 | 46.35 | ||
Source: HCC |
See also
[edit]- Politics of Madagascar
- List of Imerina monarchs
- List of colonial governors of Madagascar
- Prime Minister of Madagascar
- Vice President of Madagascar
- First Lady of Madagascar
Notes
[edit]- ^ Stepped down amidst massive political protests, and handed over power to the military (after the referendum on military rule).
- ^ a b Styled as Head of State.
- ^ Styled as Chairman of the National Military Leadership Committee.
- ^ Styled as Chairman of the Supreme Revolutionary Council.
- ^ Styled as Chairman of the Supreme Revolutionary Council until 4 January 1976.
- ^ Based in Toamasina.
- ^ Based in Antananarivo.
- ^ Styled as Head of Military Directorate.
References
[edit]- ^ Cook, Candace; Siegle, Joseph. "Circumvention of Term Limits Weakens Governance in Africa". Africa Center for Strategic Studies.