Encinitas, California

Encinitas, California
Aerial view of part of old town Encinitas showing Moonlight Beach on the left. Parallel with the shore is Historic Coast Highway 101; also parallel and further inland is Interstate 5.
Aerial view of part of old town Encinitas showing Moonlight Beach on the left. Parallel with the shore is Historic Coast Highway 101; also parallel and further inland is Interstate 5.
Official seal of Encinitas, California
Location of Encinitas in San Diego County, California
Location of Encinitas in San Diego County, California
Encinitas, California is located in the United States
Encinitas, California
Encinitas, California
Location in the United States
Coordinates: 33°2′40″N 117°16′18″W / 33.04444°N 117.27167°W / 33.04444; -117.27167
Country United States
State California
County San Diego
IncorporatedOctober 1, 1986[1]
Government
 • MayorTony Kranz[2]
Area
 • Total20.16 sq mi (52.21 km2)
 • Land19.06 sq mi (49.35 km2)
 • Water1.10 sq mi (2.85 km2)  5.89%
Elevation82 ft (25 m)
Population
 (2020)
 • Total62,007
 • Density3,100/sq mi (1,200/km2)
DemonymEncinitan
Time zoneUTC-8 (Pacific)
 • Summer (DST)UTC-7 (PDT)
ZIP codes
92007, 92023, 92024
Area codes442/760
FIPS code06-22678
GNIS feature IDs1652705, 2410440
Websitewww.encinitasca.gov

Encinitas (Spanish for "Small Oaks") is a beach city in the North County area of San Diego County, California. Located within Southern California, it is approximately 25 miles (40 km) north of San Diego,[5] between Solana Beach and Carlsbad, and about 95 miles (153 km) south of Los Angeles. As of the 2020 United States census, the city had a population of 62,007, up from 59,518 at the 2010 census.

History

[edit]

The first people to settle in Encinitas were the Kumeyaay. Gaspar de Portolá, governor of Baja California, visited the area in 1769 during the Portolá expedition[6] and met residents from the nearby Kumeyaay village of Jeyal[7] (or Heyal), near the San Elijo Lagoon.[8] Portolá named the valley Los Encinos for the oak forest along El Camino Real, where there was also a village that was likely known as Hakutl in New Encinitas.[6][7]

After Mexican Independence, land was granted to Andrés Ybarra in 1842 to build Rancho Las Encinitas in what is now Olivenhain and New Encinitas, from which Encinitas got its namesake. Encinitas is a Spanish name meaning "little oaks".[9]

The town of Old Encinitas was formed in 1881 by Jabez Pitcher.[10]

The city was incorporated by 69.3% of the voters in 1986 from the communities of historic Encinitas, New Encinitas (Village Park, etc.), Leucadia, Cardiff-by-the-Sea, and Olivenhain.[11][12]

Geography

[edit]
Aerial view of San Elijo Lagoon

Encinitas lies on a rugged coastal terrace. The city is bisected by a low-lying coastal ridge that separates New and Old Encinitas. In the north of the city, the coast rises in elevation and the land is raised up in the form of many coastal bluffs, which are subject to collapsing on the narrow beach.[13][14] The city is bounded by Batiquitos Lagoon to the north and San Elijo Lagoon to the south.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 20.0 square miles (52 km2), 18.8 square miles (49 km2) of which is land and 1.2 square miles (3.1 km2) of which (5.89%) is water. The city's elevation ranges between sea level and 402 feet (123 m) above sea level.

Communities

[edit]

Encinitas can be divided into various neighborhoods. Old Encinitas is a small beachside area featuring a mix of businesses and housing styles. Sitting along Coast Highway 101 (Historic US 101), the Encinitas welcome arch, the famous surf break Swamis, and the early 20th-century La Paloma Theatre are located here. Old Encinitas is divided from New Encinitas by a low coastal ridge.

Olivenhain is a semi-rural region in eastern Encinitas, composed of mostly single-family homes, a 4-H Club, and several private equestrian facilities. German immigrants established the Olivenhain Colony in the late 19th century under the Homestead Act of 1862.[15] Olivenhain connects to Rancho Santa Fe via Encinitas Boulevard.

Leucadia is a coastal community of the city, featuring tree-lined streets and boulevards, art galleries, unusual stores, and restaurants, along with single-family homes and beaches such as Beacons and Grandview.

Cardiff-by-the-Sea is the southernmost oceanfront community, which features streets named after British cities and classical composers, the Lux Art Institute, and the San Elijo Campus of Mira Costa College.

Climate

[edit]

Encinitas has a very mild, Mediterranean climate. Average daily high temperature is 72 °F (22 °C). Temperatures below 40 °F (4 °C) and above 85 °F (29 °C) are rare. Average rainfall is about 10 inches (250 mm) per year. The wet season lasts during the winter and spring, when temperatures are usually cool. Average daytime temperatures hit 65 °F in winter and spring, when rain and marine layer (fog, known locally as May Gray/June Gloom) are common. Nighttime lows range from 45 to 55 °F. The dry season lasts from summer through fall, with average daytime temperatures ranging from 75 to 85 °F, and nighttime lows being from the upper 50s–60s°F. Ocean water temperatures average 60 °F in winter, 64 °F in spring, 70 °F in summer, and 66 °F in fall. In winter, strong Pacific storms can bring heavy rain. During the winter of 2015–2016, the area saw rounds of severe thunderstorms.

Climate data for Encinitas, California
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °F (°C) 89
(32)
90
(32)
92
(33)
98
(37)
105
(41)
107
(42)
107
(42)
108
(42)
107
(42)
103
(39)
96
(36)
85
(29)
108
(42)
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) 66
(19)
67
(19)
68
(20)
69
(21)
71
(22)
74
(23)
78
(26)
79
(26)
79
(26)
75
(24)
71
(22)
67
(19)
72
(22)
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) 45
(7)
46
(8)
48
(9)
51
(11)
56
(13)
59
(15)
63
(17)
64
(18)
62
(17)
56
(13)
49
(9)
45
(7)
54
(12)
Record low °F (°C) 23
(−5)
25
(−4)
27
(−3)
30
(−1)
33
(1)
38
(3)
44
(7)
51
(11)
38
(3)
28
(−2)
24
(−4)
21
(−6)
21
(−6)
Average precipitation inches (mm) 2.67
(68)
2.41
(61)
2.44
(62)
0.85
(22)
0.26
(6.6)
0.10
(2.5)
0.03
(0.76)
0.11
(2.8)
0.28
(7.1)
0.43
(11)
1.14
(29)
1.44
(37)
12.16
(309)
Source: [16]

Demographics

[edit]
Historical population
CensusPop.Note
19602,786
19705,37592.9%
198010,796100.9%
199055,386413.0%
200058,0144.7%
201059,5182.6%
202062,0074.2%
2023 (est.)61,085[17]−1.5%
U.S. Decennial Census[18]

2010

[edit]

At the 2010 census, Encinitas had a population of 59,518, with a population density of 2,977.5 inhabitants per square mile (1,149.6/km2). The racial makeup of Encinitas was 51,067 (85.8%) White, 361 (0.6%) African American, 301 (0.5%) Native American, 2,323 (3.9%) Asian, 91 (0.2%) Pacific Islander, 3,339 (5.6%) from other races, and 2,036 (3.4%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 8,138 persons (13.7%).[19]

The census reported that 58,990 people (99.1% of the population) lived in households, 123 (0.2%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 405 (0.7%) were institutionalized.

Of the 24,082 households, 6,997 (29.1%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 12,113 (50.3%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 1,950 (8.1%) had a female householder with no husband present, 981 (4.1%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 1,359 (5.6%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 169 (0.7%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 6,303 households (26.2%) were one person and 2,118 (8.8%) had someone living alone who was 65 or older. The average household size was 2.45. There were 15,044 families (62.5% of households); the average family size was 2.98.

The age distribution was 12,285 people (20.6%) under the age of 18, 3,767 people (6.3%) aged 18 to 24, 16,584 people (27.9%) aged 25 to 44, 19,239 people (32.3%) aged 45 to 64, and 7,643 people (12.8%) who were 65 or older. The median age was 41.5 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.3 males. Females comprise the majority of Encinitas' population at 50.5% as of April 2010.[20]

There were 25,740 housing units at an average density of 1,287.7 per square mile, of the occupied units 15,187 (63.1%) were owner-occupied and 8,895 (36.9%) were rented. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.0%; the rental vacancy rate was 5.3%. 39,101 people (65.7% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 19,889 people (33.4%) lived in rental housing units.

2000

[edit]

As of the census[21] of 2000, there were 58,014 people in 22,830 households, including 14,291 families, in the city. The population density was 3,035.6 inhabitants per square mile (1,172.1 inhabitants/km2). There were 23,843 housing units at an average density of 1,247.6 per square mile (481.7/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 86.60% White, 0.59% Black or African American, 0.46% Native American, 3.10% Asian, 0.12% Pacific Islander, 6.28% from other races, and 2.85% from two or more races. 14.80% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

Of the 22,830 households 31.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.1% were married couples living together, 8.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.4% were non-families. 25.7% of households were one person and 6.9% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.52 and the average family size was 3.06.

The age distribution was 23.1% under the age of 18, 7.2% from 18 to 24, 33.4% from 25 to 44, 25.9% from 45 to 64, and 10.4% 65 or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.3 males.

The median household income was $63,954 and the median family income was $78,104. Males had a median income of $51,132 versus $38,606 for females. The per capita income for the city was $34,336. About 3.8% of families and 7.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 6.9% of those under age 18 and 5.7% of those age 65 or over.

Arts and culture

[edit]
Downtown Encinitas

Encinitas Ballet. Encinitas Ballet is a classical ballet studio in Encinitas. It was established in 2008 by Sayat Asatryan, former principal dancer of the Kremlin Ballet Theatre, and Olga Tchekachova, former soloist of the Mariinsky Ballet II.[citation needed]

Regular events

[edit]
  • April Street Fair: annual two-day street fair, held every April in downtown Encinitas[22]
  • Encinitas Bazaar Marketplace: a colorful, outdoor shopping experience[23]
  • Deep Pit BBQ: held the end of May at the San Dieguito Heritage Museum[24]
  • Encinitas Environment Day: held on the 2nd Sunday of June, with environmentally themed games and entertainment for families.[25]
  • Lima Bean Faire and Battle of the Beans Cook-off: held each September at the San Dieguito Heritage Museum, 450 Quail Gardens Drive[24]
  • Fall Festival: annual one-day street fair, held each November in downtown Encinitas[26]
  • OktoberFest: held on the last Sunday in September to coincide with the Oktoberfest celebrations in Germany.
  • Classic Car Cruise Nights: classic cars line Coast Highway 101 in downtown Encinitas on the third Thursday of each month, May–September[27]
  • The Wavecrest Woodie Meet: takes place once a year on the third Saturday of September at Moonlight State Beach. It is the largest rally of wooden-bodied vehicles in the world and it is free to the public and to participants.[28]
  • Wellness Week: annual week-long program of events and special offers designed to help people learn about and experience ways to improve their well-being[29]
  • Salute to Education: Encinitas Chamber of Commerce Salute to Education event that is held each year in June, honoring local teachers and students for their outstanding efforts during the current school year. This event is hosted each year by Rancho Santa Fe Security Systems.
  • Switchfoot Bro-Am: annual free surf competition and outdoor music festival usually held in early July at Moonlight State Beach, home of the world's only surf jousting competition, along with several other competitive surfing events. All proceeds from the event go to local charities.[30]

Surfing Madonna

[edit]

In 2011, Mark Patterson and Robert Nichols illegally installed a 10 by 10 feet (3 m × 3 m) mosaic of a surfing Virgin de Guadalupe on the north concrete support wall of the train bridge on Encinitas Boulevard, leading to a battle over whether it should be removed or preserved. It was named "the Surfing Madonna" by the media and public.[31][32]

Museums and other points of interest

[edit]
Built in the late 1920s, the boathouses are historic landmarks in Encinitas.

The Lux Art Institute, San Dieguito Heritage Museum,[33] and Encinitas Historical Society are located in Encinitas. Other points of interest include San Diego Botanic Garden, Self-Realization Fellowship temple and Hermitage, the historic La Paloma Theatre, Moonlight Beach, and one of California's classic downtown areas along historic Coast Highway 101. Surfing is a popular activity in Encinitas, particularly at Swami's, which is rated in the top five surf locations in the world and is mentioned in a verse of The Beach Boys' song "Surfin' U.S.A." The bronze statue Humanity by Maidy Morhous was installed at J Street Overview in 2018 as a donation from Sue and Jay Vicory.[33] Manchester Reserve is great for nature walk and light hiking.

Cardiff Kook - Magic Carpet Ride

[edit]

Magic Carpet Ride, affectionately known by Encinitas locals as the Cardiff Kook, is a 16-foot (4.9 m) bronze statue located in Cardiff-by-the-Sea. The San Diego Architectural Foundation, in its annual Orchids & Onions awards for the best and worst architecture of the year, awarded the Kook an Onion in 2007. The nickname comes from a derogatory surfer slang term for a "wannabe" surfer, as surfers in the area realized that the statue's form whilst "surfing" was far from correct. However, the Kook has become a local favorite in the city and has many wonderful traditions associated with it. At various times during the year, the Kook is "vandalized" and dressed up (wearing a lucha libre mask, being eaten by a papier-mâché shark, wearing a full Uncle Sam costume for Independence Day, used by local high school students to ask each other to school dances, etc.), bringing local flair and tourists constantly to the statue.

Economy

[edit]

Since 1982, the Encinitas 101 Main Street Association has helped keep downtown Encinitas economically viable yet historic and beachy. Downtown Encinitas is vibrant and full of thriving local salons, restaurants, shops, bars, and art galleries.[34]

Transportation

[edit]

Coaster trains stop at Encinitas station multiple times a day, seven days a week, with service from Oceanside to San Diego. Between 2013 and 2017, Amtrak's Pacific Surfliner also stopped here but discontinued the stop due to low ridership.[35]

Government

[edit]

Local government

[edit]
The D Street overlook

The city is currently governed by a five-member city council, with a mayor and four council members. The mayor is elected citywide and the council members are elected by district to staggered four-year terms at two-year intervals. The deputy mayor is chosen by the city council members from among themselves.

In elections held in November 2012, Encinitas voted yes on ballot measures to allow them to directly elect its mayor, with term lengths of two years, rather than the mayor being chosen by members of the city council for one-year terms. The first such direct election for mayor took place in 2014.

The city has been repeatedly sued over policies that are allegedly aimed at undermining state affordable housing laws.[36]

State and federal representation

[edit]

In the California State Legislature, Encinitas is in the 38th Senate District, represented by Democrat Catherine Blakespear, and in the 77th Assembly District, represented by Democrat Tasha Boerner.[37]

In the United States House of Representatives, Encinitas is in California's 49th congressional district and is represented by Democrat Mike Levin.[38]

Education

[edit]

School districts

[edit]

Visual Art schools

[edit]

Colleges

[edit]

High schools

[edit]

Middle schools

[edit]
  • Diegueño Middle School
  • Encinitas Country Day School (private Middle School)
  • Grauer School (private)
  • Oak Crest Middle School
  • The Rhoades School (private)

Elementary schools

[edit]
  • Ada Harris Elementary School
  • Cardiff Elementary School
  • Capri Elementary School
  • Encinitas Country Day School (private)
  • Flora Vista Elementary School
  • Ocean Knoll Elementary School
  • Olivenhain Pioneer Elementary School
  • Park Dale Lane Elementary School
  • Paul Ecke Central Elementary School
  • Rancho Encinitas Academy (private)
  • The Rhoades School (private)
  • Saint John The Evangelist School (private)
  • Sanderling Waldorf School (private)

Notable people

[edit]

Sister cities

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "California Cities by Incorporation Date". California Association of Local Agency Formation Commissions. Archived from the original (Word) on November 3, 2014. Retrieved August 25, 2014.
  2. ^ "City of Encinitas: Elected Officials". City of Encinitas. Retrieved December 28, 2022.
  3. ^ "2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 1, 2020.
  4. ^ "Encinitas". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior. Retrieved November 2, 2014.
  5. ^ Kamin, Debra (February 18, 2020). "Encinitas, Calif.: A Beach Town Where Prices Rise With the Tide". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved February 20, 2020.
  6. ^ a b Carrico, Richard L. (July 1, 1977). "Portola's 1769 Expedition and Coastal Native Villages of San Diego County". The Journal of California Anthropology. 4 (1).
  7. ^ a b "Sociopolitical Aspects of the 1775 Revolt at Mission San Diego de Alcala". The Journal of San Diego History. San Diego History Center. Summer 1997. Retrieved August 29, 2020.
  8. ^ "Kumeyaay Sense of the Land and Landscape". Viejas Band of Kumeyaay Indians. Retrieved August 27, 2020.
  9. ^ Gannett, Henry (1905). The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States. Govt. Print. Off. pp. 119.
  10. ^ Kamin, Debra (February 18, 2020). "Encinitas, Calif.: A Beach Town Where Prices Rise With the Tide". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved June 12, 2020.
  11. ^ Andreen, Mike (August 16, 2011). "Tale of Incorporation: How Encinitas Became an Entity Onto Itself 25 Years Ago". Encinitas Patch. Retrieved July 29, 2018.
  12. ^ Legendary Locals of Encinitas. Arcadia Publishing. 2012. p. 35. ISBN 9781467100090.
  13. ^ Riggins, Alex; Warth, Gary; Grad, Shelby (August 3, 2019). "Encinitas beach cliff collapse that killed 3 women part of larger California coast crisis". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved August 5, 2019.
  14. ^ Xia, Rosanna (August 9, 2019). "A cliff collapse. Three deaths. More bluff failures expected with rising seas". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved August 13, 2019.
  15. ^ Brodt, Lexy (December 5, 2019). "Encinitas homestead ranch awaits national historical recognition". The Coast News Group.
  16. ^ "Zipcode 92024". www.plantmaps.com. Retrieved April 10, 2021.
  17. ^ https://dof.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/sites/352/Forecasting/Demographics/Documents/E-1_2023PressRelease.pdf. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  18. ^ "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Retrieved May 16, 2023.
  19. ^ "2010 Census Interactive Population Search: CA – Encinitas city". U.S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on July 15, 2014. Retrieved July 12, 2014.
  20. ^ "U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts: Encinitas city, California". www.census.gov. Retrieved March 29, 2018.
  21. ^ "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
  22. ^ "April Street Fair". Archived from the original on November 26, 2014. Retrieved November 14, 2014.
  23. ^ "Home". EncinitasBazaar Marketplace. Retrieved June 12, 2020.
  24. ^ a b San Dieguito Heritage Museum
  25. ^ "Encinitas Environmental Day". Retrieved December 21, 2012.
  26. ^ "Fall Festival". Archived from the original on November 23, 2014. Retrieved November 14, 2014.
  27. ^ "Classic Car Show". Archived from the original on November 26, 2012. Retrieved December 9, 2012.
  28. ^ Wagner, Jan (September 25, 2018). "AutoMatters & More: Wavecrest 2018 – the world's largest & longest-running gathering of woodie vehicles". delmartimes.net. Retrieved March 18, 2019.
  29. ^ "Wellness Week". Archived from the original on November 26, 2014. Retrieved November 14, 2014.
  30. ^ "An annual celebration that gives back to San Diego". Broam.
  31. ^ Surfing Madonna mosaic draws mass following Archived December 3, 2013, at the Wayback Machine. Associated Press. BakersfieldNow.com. June 7, 2011.
  32. ^ Surfing Madonna mosaic in Southern California draws mass following. Julie Watson. Associated Press. Oakland Tribune. June 7, 2011. The Surfing Madonna – more correctly known as the "Save the Ocean Mosaic" is now re-installed on the wall of Cafe Ipe at the corner of Jasper Street and Pacific Coast Highway in Leucadia, CA 92024
  33. ^ a b "Del Mar woman portrays 'Humanity' through sculpture". Encinitas Advocate. January 24, 2019. Retrieved January 31, 2021.
  34. ^ "Main Street Association". Encinitas101. Archived from the original on November 24, 2015. Retrieved November 23, 2015.
  35. ^ Diehl, Phil (September 21, 2017). "Amtrak to discontinue two stops, add one". San Diego Union Tribune. Retrieved September 30, 2017.
  36. ^ "Encinitas Sued for Defying Affordable Housing Law, Again". voiceofsandiego.org. March 9, 2016. Retrieved March 29, 2018.
  37. ^ "Final Maps". We Draw the Lines CA. 2020 California Citizens Redistricting Commission. Retrieved May 16, 2023.
  38. ^ "California's 49th Congressional District - Representatives & District Map". Civic Impulse, LLC.
  39. ^ Winkley, Lyndsay (September 11, 2018). "Encinitas home of famous online gamer 'DrDisRespect' shot at with BB gun". The San Diego Union-Tribune. Retrieved September 11, 2018.
  40. ^ Vitello, Paul (April 1, 2013). "Paul Williams, Father of Rock Criticism, Is Dead at 64 (Published 2013)". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved February 16, 2021.
  41. ^ "Jerry Buss Shopping, Has Eyes on S.D. Padres". Los Angeles Times. Associated Press. October 18, 1989. ISSN 0458-3035. Retrieved January 31, 2019.
  42. ^ staff (February 1, 2019). "The Coast News Group". The Coast News Group. Retrieved March 30, 2021.
  43. ^ Zeigler, Mark (June 6, 2009). "Not the retiring type". sandiegouniontribune.com. Retrieved January 31, 2019.
  44. ^ Grimes, William (May 7, 2016). "Harold Cohen, a Pioneer of Computer-Generated Art, Dies at 87 (Published 2016)". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved February 16, 2021.
  45. ^ Goldstein, Richard (April 5, 2020). "Tom Dempsey, Record-Setting Kicker, Dies at 73". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved February 16, 2021.
  46. ^ Martin, Douglas (May 12, 2011). "Robert Ellsworth, Lawmaker and Nixon Aide, Is Dead at 84 (Published 2011)". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved March 2, 2021.
  47. ^ Grimes, William (August 19, 2008). "Manny Farber, Iconoclastic Film Critic and Artist, Dies at 91". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved February 3, 2018.
  48. ^ "Mary Fleener ~ Bio". www.maryfleener.com. Archived from the original on June 5, 2017. Retrieved June 18, 2017.
  49. ^ "Tim Foreman - Switchfoot". switchfoot.com. November 17, 2015. Retrieved March 29, 2018.
  50. ^ "Rune Glifberg Speaker Profile". Athlete Promotions. AthletePromotions. Archived from the original on July 18, 2017. Retrieved October 30, 2018.
  51. ^ a b Kisken, Tom (June 25, 2024). "This is why all eyes will be trained on Tony Hawk at Ventura's X Games". Ventura County Star. Retrieved June 28, 2024.
  52. ^ Higgins, Matt (April 3, 2010). "Kit Horn, Pioneer Surfer, Dies at 80". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved January 29, 2021.
  53. ^ Goldstein, Richard (December 22, 2018). "Mel Hutchins, B.Y.U. All-American and N.B.A. All-Star, Dies at 90 (Published 2018)". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved February 16, 2021.
  54. ^ Barnes, Mike (November 26, 2012). "Actress Bobbi Jordan Dies at 75, She had a stint on "General Hospital" in the 1970s and appeared in the Lucille Ball musical "Mame"". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved December 8, 2012.
  55. ^ Cotter, Holland (April 10, 2006). "Allan Kaprow, Creator of Artistic 'Happenings,' Dies at 78". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved January 29, 2021.
  56. ^ Berkvist, Robert (January 27, 2021). "Cloris Leachman, Oscar Winner and TV Comedy Star, Is Dead at 94". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved January 29, 2021.
  57. ^ "ENCINITAS: Hugh Martin leaves legacy of enduring songs". San Diego Union-Tribune. March 15, 2011.
  58. ^ "The Coast News Group". The Coast News Group. March 14, 2019. Retrieved January 30, 2021.
  59. ^ "DII baseball: Former Cy Young winner Jack McDowell begins a new era at Queens (NC) | NCAA.com". NCAA.com. February 13, 2018. Retrieved October 17, 2018.
  60. ^ "About Mike McGill". mcgillsskateshop. Archived from the original on March 10, 2019. Retrieved October 17, 2018.
  61. ^ "Jeremy McGrath Bio". www.jeremymcgrath2.com. Retrieved October 17, 2018.
  62. ^ Gates, Anita (January 2, 2013). "Patti Page, Honey-Voiced '50s Pop Sensation, Dies at 85". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved January 29, 2021.
  63. ^ Conroy, Alyssa (June 6, 2009). "Casting Call: Emily Ratajkowski". si.com. Retrieved April 22, 2013.
  64. ^ "Indian sitar maestro Ravi Shankar dies". BBC News.
  65. ^ "Staciana Winfield named USC assistant coach". Archived from the original on June 12, 2006.
  66. ^ "Song writing royalty". San Diego Reader. Retrieved January 31, 2021.
  67. ^ Slotnik, Daniel E. (November 1, 2015). "Patricia Canning Todd, 93, Dies; Tennis Champion Refused to Play on Side Court (Published 2015)". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved March 2, 2021.
  68. ^ Lott-Schwartz, Hannah (February 23, 2016). "Pearl Jam's Eddie Vedder Schools His Encinitas Alma Mater". NBC 7 San Diego. Retrieved September 21, 2019.
  69. ^ "Joe Walsh's former horse ranch lists in Encinitas: Life in the slow lane". Los Angeles Times. February 4, 2019. Retrieved January 31, 2021.
  70. ^ Vitello, Paul (April 1, 2013). "Paul Williams, Father of Rock Criticism, Is Dead at 64 (Published 2013)". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved February 16, 2021.
[edit]