1980 Republican Party presidential primaries

1980 Republican Party presidential primaries
← 1976 January 21 to June 3, 1980 1984 →
1,990 delegates to the Republican National Convention
996 (majority) votes needed to win
 
Candidate Ronald Reagan George H. W. Bush John B. Anderson
Home state California Texas Illinois
Delegate count 1,407 250 59
Contests won 42 9 0
Popular vote 7,709,793 3,070,033 1,572,174
Percentage 59.79% 23.81% 12.19%
     Reagan      Bush      Uncommitted
Previous Republican nominee

Gerald Ford

 Republican nominee

Ronald Reagan

From January 21 to June 3, 1980, voters of the Republican Party chose its nominee for president in the 1980 United States presidential election. Retired Hollywood actor and two-term California governor Ronald Reagan was selected as the nominee through a series of primary elections and caucuses culminating in the Republican National Convention held from July 14 to 17, 1980, in Detroit, Michigan.

Background

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As the 1980 presidential election approached, incumbent Democratic president Jimmy Carter appeared vulnerable. High gas prices, economic stagflation, a renewed Cold War with the Soviet Union following the invasion of Afghanistan, and the Iran hostage crisis that developed when Iranian students seized the American embassy in Tehran all contributed to a general dissatisfaction with Carter's presidency; his job approval rating sank to below 20 percent in late-1979 as a result. Consequently, the president faced stiff Democratic primary challenges from Massachusetts Senator Ted Kennedy and California Governor Jerry Brown. A large field of Republican challengers also emerged.

Candidates

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Nominee

[edit]
Candidate Most recent office Home state Campaign

Withdrawal date

Popular vote Contests won Running mate
Ronald Reagan Governor of California
(1967–1975) 		California
California
(Campaign • Positions)
Secured nomination:
May 24, 1980 		7,709,793
(59.79%) 		44 George Bush

Withdrew during primaries

[edit]
Candidate Most recent office Home state Campaign

Withdrawal date

Popular vote Contests won
George H. W. Bush Director of Central Intelligence Agency
(1976–1977) 		Texas
Texas
Campaign
Withdrew: May 26
(endorsed Ronald Reagan, nominated for vice president) 		3,070,033

(23.81%)

8

CT, DC, IA, ME, MA, MI, PA, PR

John Anderson U.S. Representative
from Illinois
(1961–1981)
Illinois
Withdrew: April 24
(ran as independent) 		1,572,174

(12.19%)

None
Howard Baker U.S. Senator
from Tennessee
(1967–1985) 		Tennessee
Tennessee
Withdrew: March 5
(endorsed Ronald Reagan) 		181,153

(1.41%)

None
Phil Crane U.S. Representative
from Illinois
(1969–2005)
Illinois
Withdrew: April 17[1]
(endorsed Ronald Reagan) 		97,793

(0.76%)

None
John Connally Secretary of the Treasury
(1971–1972) 		Texas
Texas
Withdrew: March 9
(endorsed Ronald Reagan) 		82,625

(0.64%)

Won 1 delegate from Arkansas (Ada Mills)
Ben Fernandez U.S. Special Envoy to Paraguay (1973)
 California
California
Withdrew: March 30
(endorsed Ronald Reagan) 		25,520

(0.20%)

None
Harold Stassen Director of the United States Foreign Operations Administration
(1953–1955) 		Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania 		[data missing] 25,425

(0.20%)

None
Bob Dole U.S. Senator
from Kansas
(1969–1996) 		Kansas
Kansas
Withdrew: March 15 		7,204

(0.06%)

None

Withdrew before primaries

[edit]
Withdrawn major candidates for the 1980 Republican Party presidential primaries
Name Born Experience Home state Campaign
announced 		Campaign
suspended 		Campaign Ref.

Larry Pressler 		March 29, 1942
(age 37)
Humboldt, South Dakota 		U.S. senator from South Dakota
U.S. representative from South Dakota 		 South Dakota [data missing] January 8, 1980 [citation needed]

Lowell Weicker 		May 16, 1931
(age 48)
Paris, France 		United States Senator from Connecticut
  Connecticut [data missing] May 16, 1979 [citation needed]

Declined to run

[edit]

The following potential candidates declined to run for the Republican nomination in 1980.[2][3]

Polling

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National polling

[edit]
Poll source Publication date
John Anderson
Howard Baker
George Bush
John Connally
Bob Dole
Gerald Ford
Ronald Reagan
Others
Gallup[5] Aug. 1977 – 8% – – – 20% 33% 3%
Gallup[5] Apr. 1978 – 11% – 4% 4% 40% 30% 4%
Gallup[5] July 1978 – 9% 1% 5% 4% 37% 31% 5%
Gallup[5] Dec. 1978 1% 9% 1% 6% 1% 24% 40% 11%[a]
Gallup[5] Apr. 1979 2% 8% 1% 12% 1% 26% 31% 11%[b]
Gallup[5] May 1979 – 10% – 8% 3% 27% 28% –
Gallup[5] June 1979 0% 11% 0% 5% 0% 29% 37% 5%
Gallup[5] July 1979 3% 11% 1% 9% 2% 27% 32% 15%[c]
Gallup[5] Aug. 1979 1% 10% 3% 8% 1% 21% 29% 16%[d]
Gallup[5] Nov. 1979 1% 14% 2% 10% 3% 22% 33% 15%[e]
Gallup[5] Nov. 1979 0% 11% 5% 8% 3% 24% 40% —
Gallup[5] Dec. 1979 1% 9% 7% 10% 4% 18% 40% 10%[f]
Gallup[5] Jan. 1980 3% 9% 9% 9% 0% 27% 33% —
Gallup[5] Jan. 1980 0% 6% 28% 7% 0% 18% 29% —
Gallup[5] Feb. 1980 2% 6% 17% 4% 1% 32% 34% 3%[g]
Gallup[5] Feb. 1980 3% 7% 16% – – 25% 44% —
  1. ^ Including 1% for Phil Crane.
  2. ^ Including 2% for Phil Crane.
  3. ^ Including 2% for Phil Crane.
  4. ^ Including 1% each for Phil Crane, Benjamin Fernandez, and Harold Stassen.
  5. ^ Including 1% each for Phil Crane, Benjamin Fernandez, and Harold Stassen.
  6. ^ Including 1% each for Phil Crane, Benjamin Fernandez, and Harold Stassen.
  7. ^ 1% each for Phil Crane, Benjamin Fernandez, and Harold Stassen.

Primary race

[edit]
  • The Nashua debate between Reagan and Bush
    The Nashua debate between Reagan and Bush
  • A Chicago debate with Philip Crane, Bush, moderator Eric Sevareid, Reagan, and John B. Anderson
    A Chicago debate with Philip Crane, Bush, moderator Eric Sevareid, Reagan, and John B. Anderson

Ronald Reagan, who had narrowly lost the 1976 Republican nomination to President Gerald Ford, was the early odds-on favorite to win the nomination in 1980. He was so far ahead in the polls that campaign director John Sears decided on an "above the fray" strategy. He did not attend many of the multi-candidate forums and straw polls in the summer and fall of 1979. George H. W. Bush, the former director of the Central Intelligence Agency and chairman of the Republican National Committee, did go to all the "cattle calls", and began to come in first at a number of these events. Along with the top two, a number of other Republican politicians entered the race. In January 1980, the Iowa Republicans decided to have a straw poll as a part of their caucuses for that year. Bush defeated Reagan by a small margin. Bush declared he had "the Big Mo", and with Reagan boycotting the Puerto Rico primary in deference to New Hampshire, Bush won the territory easily, giving him an early lead going into New Hampshire.

With the other candidates in single digits, the Nashua Telegraph offered to host a debate between Reagan and Bush. Worried that a newspaper-sponsored debate might violate electoral regulations, Reagan subsequently arranged to fund the event with his own campaign money, inviting the other candidates to participate at short notice. The Bush camp did not learn of Reagan's decision to include the other candidates until the debate was due to commence. Bush refused to participate, which led to an impasse on the stage. As Reagan attempted to explain his decision, Jon Breen, the editor of the Nashua Telegraph and debate moderator, ordered a technician to mute Reagan's microphone. When the technician refused, Breen repeated his order. A visibly angry Reagan responded, "I am paying for this microphone, Mr. Green [sic]!"[6][7][8] Eventually the other candidates agreed to leave, and the debate proceeded between Reagan and Bush. Reagan's quote was often repeated as "I paid for this microphone!" and dominated news coverage of the event; Reagan sailed to an easy win in New Hampshire.[9]

Ronald Reagan delivering his acceptance speech at the Republican National Convention in Detroit, Michigan, on July 17, 1980.

Lee Bandy, a writer for the South Carolina newspaper The State stated that heading into the South Carolina primary, political operative Lee Atwater worked to engineer a victory for Reagan: "Lee Atwater figured that Connally was their biggest threat here in South Carolina. So Lee leaked a story to me that John Connally was trying to buy the black vote. Well, that story got out, thanks to me, and it probably killed Connally. He spent $10 million for one delegate. Lee saved Ronald Reagan's candidacy."[10]

Reagan swept the South, and although he lost five more primaries to Bush—including the Massachusetts primary in which he came in third place behind John B. Anderson—the former governor had a lock on the nomination very early in the season. Reagan said he would always be grateful to the people of Iowa for giving him "the kick in the pants" he needed.

Reagan was an adherent to a policy known as supply-side economics, which argues that economic growth can be most effectively created using incentives for people to produce (supply) goods and services, such as adjusting income tax and capital gains tax rates. Accordingly, Reagan promised an economic revival that would benefit all sectors of the population. He said that cutting tax rates would actually increase tax revenues because the lower rates would cause people to work harder as they would be able to keep more of their money. Reagan also called for a drastic cut in "big government" and pledged to deliver a balanced budget for the first time since 1969. In the primaries, Bush called Reagan's economic policy "voodoo economics" because it promised to lower taxes and increase revenues at the same time.

Results

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Tablemaker's Note:[a]

Date
(daily totals) 		Contest Total
pledged delegates
Delegates won and popular vote
Ronald Reagan George Bush John B. Anderson Howard Baker Phil
Crane 		John Connally Bob Dole Others Uncommitted
January 21 Iowa
Caucus[11]
106,608 		0 (of 38) 31,348
(29.40%) 		33,530
(31.45%) 		4,585
(4.30%) 		16,773
(15.73%) 		7,135
(6.69%) 		9,861
(9.25%) 		1,576
(1.48%) 		– 1,800
(1.69%)
February 2 Arkansas
District Conventions[12] 		12 (of 19) 6 Del. 1 Del. – 4 Del. – – – – 1 Del.
February 16 Arkansas
State Convention[13] 		7 (of 19) 1 Del. 1 Del. – – – 1 Del. – – 4 Del.
February 17 Puerto Rico
Primary[14]
187,946 		14 (of 20) – 14 Del.
112,901
(60.07%) 		– 70,025
(37.26%) 		– 2,039
(1.08%) 		457
(0.24%) 		2,524[b]
(1.34%) 		–
February 26 New Hampshire
Primary[15]
146,782 		23 (of 23) 15 Del.
72,734
(49.55%) 		5 Del.
33,304
(22.69%) 		14,622
(9.96%) 		2 Del.
18,760
(12.78%) 		2,633
(1.79%) 		2,215
(1.51%) 		608
(0.41%) 		1,906 WI[c]
(1.30%) 		–
March 1 Iowa
County Conventions[16]
2,902 CDs 		0 (of 38) 925 CDs
(31.87%) 		1,150 CDs
(39.63%) 		64 CDs
(2.21%) 		322 CDs
(11.10%) 		91 CDs
(3.14%) 		127 CDs
(4.38%) 		2 CDs
(0.07%) 		– 221 CDs
(7.62%)
March 4 Massachusetts
Primary[17]
400,826 		42 (of 42) 13 Del.
115,334
(28.77%) 		14 Del.
124,365
(31.03%) 		13 Del.
122,987
(30.68%) 		2 Del.
19,366
(4.82%) 		4,669
(1.16%) 		4,714
(1.18%) 		577
(0.14%) 		6,571 WI[d]
(1.64%) 		2,243
(0.56%)
Vermont
Primary[18]
65,611 		0 (of 19) 19,720
(30.06%) 		14,226
(21.68%) 		19,030
(29.00%) 		8,055
(12.28%) 		1,238
(1.89%) 		884 WI
(1.35%) 		– 2,458 WI[e]
(3.75%) 		–
March 8 South Carolina
Primary[19]
145,501 		25 (of 25) 25 Del.
79,549
(54.67%) 		21,569
(14.82%) 		– 773
(0.53%) 		– 43,113
(29.63%) 		117
(0.08%) 		380 [f]
(0.26%) 		–
March 11
(126) 		Alabama
Primary[20]
211,353 		27 (of 27) 18 Del.
147,352
(69.72%) 		9 Del.
54,730
(25.90%) 		– 1,963
(0.93%) 		5,099
(2.41%) 		1,077
(0.51%) 		447
(0.21%) 		685 [g]
(0.32%) 		–
Florida
Primary[21]
614,995 		51 (of 51) 51 Del.
345,699
(56.21%) 		185,996
(30.24%) 		56,636
(9.21%) 		6,345
(1.03%) 		12,000
(1.95%) 		4,958
(0.81%) 		1,086
(0.18%) 		2,275 [h]
(0.37%) 		–
Georgia
Primary[22]
200,171 		36 (of 36) 36 Del.
146,500
(73.18%) 		25,293
(12.64%) 		16,853
(8.42%) 		1,571
(0.78%) 		6,308
(3.15%) 		2,388
(1.19%) 		249
(0.12%) 		1,009 [i]
(0.50%) 		–
March 18 Illinois
Pres. Primary[23]
1,130,081 		0 (of 92) 547,355
(48.44%) 		124,057
(10.98%) 		415,193
(36.74%) 		7,051
(0.62%) 		24,865
(2.20%) 		4,548
(0.40%) 		1,843
(0.16%) 		5,169 [j]
(0.46%) 		–
Illinois
Del. Primary[24] 		92 (of 92) 46 Del. 2 Del. 26 Del. – 4 Del. – – – –
March 25 Connecticut
Primary[25]
182,284 		35 (of 35) 14 Del.
61,735
(33.87%) 		15 Del.
70,367
(38.60%) 		6 Del.
40,354
(22.14%) 		2,446
(1.34%) 		1,887
(1.04%) 		598
(0.33%) 		333
(0.18%) 		308 [k]
(0.17%) 		4,256
(2.33%)
New York
Del. Primary[26][27] 		117 (of 123) 72 Del. 6 Del. 1 Del. – – – – – 38 Del.
April 1 Kansas
Primary[28]
285,398 		35 (of 35) 20 Del.
179,739
(62.98%) 		4 Del.
35,838
(12.56%) 		5 Del.
51,924
(18.19%) 		3,603
(1.26%) 		1,367
(0.48%) 		2,067
(0.72%) 		– 4,134 [l]
(1.45%) 		6,726
(2.36%)
Wisconsin
Primary[29]
907,853 		34 (of 34) 28 Del.
364,898
(40.19%) 		276,164
(30.42%) 		6 Del.
248,623
(27.39%) 		3,298
(0.36%) 		2,951
(0.33%) 		2,312
(0.26%) 		– 7,012 WI[m]
(0.77%) 		4,951
(0.29%)
April 5 Louisiana
Primary[30]
42,397 		29 (of 29) 29 Del.
31,256
(73.72%) 		8,066
(19.02%) 		– – – – – 820 [n]
(1.93%) 		2,255
(5.32%)
April 17 North Dakota
State Convention[31] 		28 (of 28) 12 Del. 1 Del. – – – – – – 4 Del.
April 19 Maine
State Convention[32] 		21 (of 21) – 17 Del. – – – – – – 4 Del.
Minnesota
District Conventions[o][33] 		6 (of 34) 6 Del. – – – – – – – –
April 20 Alaska
State Convention[34] 		19 (of 19) 19 Del. – – – – – – – –
April 22 Pennsylvania
Pres. Primary[35]
1,241,411 		0 (of 83) 527,916
(42.53%) 		626,759
(50.49%) 		26,890 WI
(2.17%) 		30,846
(2.49%) 		– 10,656
(0.86%) 		– 18,344 [p]
(1.48%) 		–
Pennsylvania
Del. Primary[35] 		76 (of 83) – – – – – – – – 76 Del.[q]
Vermont
Caucus[36]
979 SDs[r] 		0 (of 19) 318 SDs
(32.48%) 		67 SDs
(6.84%) 		13 SDs
(1.33%) 		– – – – – –
April 26 Minnesota
District Conventions[s][37] 		3 (of 34) 3 Del. – – – – – – – –
Missouri
District Conventions[t][38][39] 		15 (of 37) 15 Del. – – – – – – – –
May 3 Arizona
State Convention[40] 		28 (of 28) 28 Del. – – – – – – – –
Minnesota
District Conventions[u][41] 		12 (of 34) 4 Del. 8 Del. – – – – – – –
Missouri
District Conventions[v][39] 		15 (of 37) 15 Del. – – – – – – – –
Oklahoma
State Convention[40] 		28 (of 28) 28 Del. – – – – – – – –
Texas
Primary[42]
526,769 		80 (of 80) 65 Del.
268,798
(50.49%) 		15 Del.
249,819
(47.43%) 		– – – – – – 8,152
(1.55%)
May 6 Washington, D.C.
Pres. Primary[43]
7,529 		0 (of 14) – 4,973
(66.05%) 		2,025
(26.90%) 		– – – – 261 [w]
(3.47%) 		–
Washington, D.C.
Del. Primary[43] 		14 (of 14) – 14 Del. – – – – – – –
Indiana
Primary[42]
568,313 		56 (of 56) 56 Del.
419,016
(73.73%) 		92,955
(16.36%) 		56,342
(9.91%) 		– – – – – –
North Carolina
Primary[44]
168,391 		40 (of 40) 30 Del.
113,854
(67.61%) 		10 Del.
36,631
(21.75%) 		8,542
(5.07%) 		2,543
(1.51%) 		547
(0.33%) 		1,107
(0.66%) 		629
(0.37%) 		– 4,538
(2.70%)
Tennessee
Primary[44]
195,210 		32 (of 32) 24 Del.
144,625
(74.09%) 		8 Del.
35,274
(18.07%) 		8,722
(4.47%) 		16 WI
(0.01%) 		1,574
(0.81%) 		1 WI
(0.00%) 		629
(0.37%) 		22 WI[x]
(0.01%) 		4,976
(2.55%)
May 10 Wyoming
State Convention[45] 		19 (of 19) 16 Del. – – – – – – – 3 Del.
May 13 Maryland
Primary[46]
167,303 		30 (of 30) 15 Del.
80,557
(48.15%) 		15 Del.
68,389
(40.88%) 		16,244
(9.71%) 		– 2,113
(1.26%) 		– – – –
Nebraska
Primary[46]
205,203 		25 (of 25) 25 Del.
155,995
(76.02%) 		31,380
(15.29%) 		11,879
(5.79%) 		– 1,062
(0.52%) 		– 1,420
(0.69%) 		3,467 [y]
(1.69%) 		–
May 17 Hawaii
State Convention[47] 		14 (of 14) – – – – – – – – 14 Del.
May 20
(116) 		Michigan
Primary[48]
595,176 		82 (of 82) 29 Del.
189,184
(31.79%) 		53 Del.
341,998
(57.46%) 		48,947
(8.22%) 		– – – – 4,782[z]
(0.80%) 		10,265
(1.73%)
Oregon
Primary[48]
315,366 		29 (of 29) 18 Del.
170,449
(54.05%) 		11 Del.
109,210
(34.63%) 		32,118
(10.18%) 		– 2,324
(0.74%) 		– – 1,265 WI
(0.40%) 		–
May 17 Delaware
State Convention[49] 		21 (of 21) 4 Del. 6 Del. – – – – – – 2 Del.
May 25 Vermont
State Convention[50] 		19 (of 19) 16 Del. – – – – – – – 3 Del.
May 27 Idaho
Primary[51]
134,879 		17 (of 21) 15 Del.
111,868
(82.94%) 		5,416
(4.02%) 		2 Del.
13,130
(9.74%) 		– 1,024
(0.76%) 		– – – 3,441
(2.55%)
Kentucky
Primary[52]
94,795 		27 (of 27) 27 Del.
78,072
(82.36%) 		6,861
(7.24%) 		4,791
(5.05%) 		– – – – 1,987 [aa]
(2.10%) 		3,084
(3.25%)
Nevada
Primary[53]
47,395 		17 (of 17) 14 Del.
39,352
(83.03%) 		1 Del.
3,078
(6.49%) 		– – – – – – 2 Del.
4,965
(10.48%)
May 30 Minnesota
State Convention[54] 		10 (of 34) 10 Del. – – – – – – – –
May 31 Colorado
District Conventions[ab][55] 		3 (of 31) 3 Del. – – – – – – – –
Missouri
State Convention[56] 		7 (of 37) 7 Del. – – – – – – – –
June 3 California
Primary[57]
2,564,072 		168 (of 168) 168 Del.
2,057,923
(80.26%) 		125,113
(4.88%) 		349,315
(13.62%) 		– 21,465
(0.84%) 		– – 10,256 [ac]
(0.40%) 		–
Mississippi
Del. Primary[58]
25,751 		22 (of 22) 22 Del.
23,028
(89.43%) 		2,105
(8.17%) 		– – – – – – 618
(2.40%)
Montana
Primary[58]
79,473 		0 (of 20) 68,794
(86.56%) 		7,665
(9.65%) 		– – – – – – –
New Jersey
Pres. Primary[59]
277,977 		0 (of 66) 225,959
(81.29%) 		47,447
(17.07%) 		– – – – – 4,571 [ad]
(1.64%) 		–
New Jersey
Del. Primary[59]
79,473 		66 (of 66) 63 Del. 2 Del. – – – – – – 1 Del.
New Mexico
Primary[60]
59,546 		22 (of 22) 22 Del.
37,982
(63.79%) 		5,892
(9.90%) 		– 4,412
(7.41%) 		– – – 2,742 [ae]
(4.60%) 		1,347
(2.26%)
Ohio
Primary[61]
856,773 		77 (of 77) 77 Del.
692,288
(80.80%) 		164,485
(19.20%) 		– – – – – – –
Rhode Island
Primary[57]
5,335 		13 (of 13) 12 Del.
3,839
(71.96%) 		1 Del.
993
(18.61%) 		– – – – – 155 [af]
(2.91%) 		348
(6.52%)
South Dakota
Primary[62]
82,905 		22 (of 22) 22 Del.
72,861
(87.89%) 		3,691
(4.45%) 		– – – – – 987 [ag]
(1.19%) 		5,366
(6.47%)
West Virginia
Pres. Primary[57]
138,016 		0 (of 18) 115,407
(83.62%) 		19,509
(14.14%) 		– – – – – 3,100 [ah]
(2.25%) 		–
West Virginia
Del. Primary[57]
138,016 		18 (of 18) 15 Del. – – – – – – – 3 Del.
June 6 Iowa
District Conventions[63][64] 		30 (of 37) 17 Del. 13 Del. – – – – – – –
Washington
State Convention[65] 		37 (of 37) 34 Del. 1 Del. 1 Del. – – – – – 1 Del.
June 7 Colorado
State Conventions[ai][66] 		28 (of 31) 28 Del. – – – – – – – –
Iowa
State Convention[64] 		7 (of 30) 4 Del. 3 Del. – – – – – – –
June 8 Montana
State Convention[67] 		20 (of 20) 20 Del. – – – – – – – –
June 28 Idaho
State Convention[68] 		4 (of 21) 4 Del. – – – – – – – –
Utah
State Convention[69] 		21 (of 21) 21 Del. – – – – – – – –
1,990 delegates
12,894,286 votes 		1,407
7,709,793
(59.79%) 		250
3,070,033
(23.81%) 		59
1,572,174
(12.19%) 		8
181,153
(1.41%) 		4
97,793
(0.76%) 		1
82,625
(0.64%) 		0
7,204
(0.06%) 		0
5,702,278
(52.64%) 		156
112,560
(0.87%)

The Republican National Convention was held in Detroit, Michigan, from July 14 to 17, 1980.

Endorsements

[edit]

Ronald Reagan

John B. Connally Jr.

George H. W. Bush

John B. Anderson

Howard Baker

Phil Crane

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ This should not be taken as a finalized list of results. While a significant amount of research was done, there were a number of Delegates who were not bound by the instruction, or "Pledged" to a candidate, and to simplify the data these delegates were considered "Uncommitted". Some states also held primaries for the delegate positions, and these on occasion were where slates or candidates pledge to a certain candidate might be elected; however, as these elections allowed for a single person to vote for multiple candidates, as many as the number of positions being filled, it is difficult to determine how many people actually voted in these primaries. For this reason, while the results of some are in the table, they are not included in the popular vote summaries at the bottom of the table.
  2. ^ Includes 1,822 votes (0.97%) for Ben Fernandez and 589 votes (0.31%) for Harold Stassen.
  3. ^ Includes 380 Write-In votes (0.26%) for Gerald Ford.
  4. ^ Includes 3,398 Write-In votes (0.85%) for Gerald Ford, 374 votes (0.09%) for Benjamin Fernandez, and 218 votes (0.05%) for Harold Stassen.
  5. ^ Includes 2,300 Write-In votes (3.51%) for Harold Stassen and 105 Write-In votes (0.16%) for Harold Stassen.
  6. ^ Includes 171 votes (0.12%) for Benjamin Fernandez and 150 votes (0.10%) for Harold Stassen.
  7. ^ Includes 544 votes (0.26%) for Harold Stassen.
  8. ^ Includes 1,377 votes (0.22%) for Harold Stassen and 898 votes (0.15%) for Benjmain Fernandez.
  9. ^ Includes 809 votes (0.40%) for Benjmain Fernandez and 200 votes (0.10%) for Harold Stassen.
  10. ^ Includes 3,757 votes (0.33%) for Veldi Arvel "VA" Kelley and 1,106 Write-In votes (0.10%) for Gerald Ford.
  11. ^ All 308 votes (0.17%) for Benjmain Fernandez.
  12. ^ Includes 809 votes (0.40%) for Benjmain Fernandez and 200 votes (0.10%) for Harold Stassen.
  13. ^ Includes 1,051 votes (0.12%) for Benjmain Fernandez and 1,010 votes (0.11%) for Harold Stassen.
  14. ^ Includes 150 votes (0.35%) for Harold Stassen and 125 votes (0.29%) for Benjmain Fernandez.
  15. ^ Only two of eight districts held conventions on this date.
  16. ^ Includes 6,767 votes (0.55%) for Harold Stassen and 2,521 votes (0.20%) for Benjmain Fernandez.
  17. ^ It was generally felt that Reagan had won over the vast majority of those delegates elected, though legally they were uncommitted.
  18. ^ Results only for 537 of the 979 Delegates were accounted for in the source.
  19. ^ Only one of eight districts held conventions on this date.
  20. ^ Only five of ten districts held conventions on this date.
  21. ^ Only five of eight districts held conventions on this date.
  22. ^ Only five of ten districts held conventions on this date.
  23. ^ Includes 201 votes (2.67%) for Harold Stassen and 60 votes (0.80%) for Benjmain Fernandez.
  24. ^ Includes 14 Write-In votes (0.01%) for Gerald Ford.
  25. ^ Includes 799 votes (0.39%) for Harold Stassen and 400 votes (0.20%) for Benjmain Fernandez.
  26. ^ Includes 2,248 votes (0.38%) for Benjmain Fernandez and 1,938 votes (0.33%) for Harold Stassen.
  27. ^ Includes 1,223 votes (1.29%) for Harold Stassen and 764 votes (0.81%) for Benjmain Fernandez.
  28. ^ Only one of five districts held conventions on this date.
  29. ^ Includes 10,242 votes (0.40%) for Benjmain Fernandez.
  30. ^ All votes for Harold Stassen.
  31. ^ Includes 1,795 votes (3.01%) for Benjmain Fernandez and 947 votes (1.59%) for Harold Stassen.
  32. ^ Includes 107 votes (2.01%) for Harold Stassen and 48 votes (0.90%) for Benjmain Fernandez.
  33. ^ All votes for Harold Stassen.
  34. ^ All votes for Harold Stassen.
  35. ^ The results four district conventions are included, their exact dates not being found.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Reagan Maneuvering His Bandwagon," Washington Post, April 18, 1980.
  2. ^ Sidey, Hugh (May 29, 1978). "The Presidency: Roses with a Touch of Ragweed". Time.
  3. ^ "Republicans: There's Life in the Old Party Yet". time. November 15, 1976.
  4. ^ Clymer, Adam (March 8, 1979). "Backers of Reagan Open His Campaign". New York Times. p. A18. Retrieved March 20, 2020.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p "US President – R Primaries". OurCampaigns.com. November 16, 2004. Retrieved October 29, 2020.
  6. ^ "Reagan's Nashua Moment". Retrieved February 11, 2024 – via www.youtube.com.
  7. ^ "Nation: We Were Sandbagged". Time. March 10, 1980.
  8. ^ "Molloy Sound and Video Contractors: Articles (1/1/11)". Molloysoundandvideo.com. February 10, 2000. Retrieved January 22, 2011.
  9. ^ Dunham, Richard (October 20, 2009). "New book tells inside story of pivotal Bush-Reagan debate in Nashua". The Houston Chronicle.
  10. ^ Forbes, Stefan (2008). "Transcript – Boogie Man: The Lee Atwater Story". PBS Frontline.
  11. ^ "BUSH WINS BY 2,182 VOTES". The Des Moines Register. Des Moines, Iowa. January 25, 1980. Retrieved March 18, 2024.
  12. ^ "ARKANSAS GOP SELECTS SEVERAL DELEGATES BUT MORE ARE TO BE PICKED FEB 16TH". The Daily World. Helena, Arkansas. February 4, 1980. Retrieved March 18, 2024.
  13. ^ "ARKANSAS GOP SELECTS SEVERAL DELEGATES BUT MORE ARE TO BE PICKED FEB 16TH". The Times. Shreveport, Louisiana. February 17, 1980. Retrieved March 18, 2024.
  14. ^ "BUSH WINS ALL IN PUERTO RICO". The Miami Herald. Miami, Florida. February 4, 1980. Retrieved March 18, 2024.
  15. ^ "BAKER TAKES SOLID 3D IN GOP CONTEST". The Boston Globe. Boston, Massachusetts. February 27, 1980. Retrieved March 18, 2024.
  16. ^ "BUSH SOLIDIFIES WIN OVER REAGAN IN COUNTY TALLY". The Des Moines Register. Des Moines, Iowa. March 3, 1980. Retrieved March 18, 2024.
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  18. ^ "STATE DELEGATE FIGHT HAS ALREADY BEGUN". The Times Argus. Barre, Vermont. March 6, 1980. Retrieved March 18, 2024.
  19. ^ "REAGAN WIN CRUSHES FIELD IN GOP VOTE". The State. Columbia, South Carolina. March 9, 1980. Retrieved March 18, 2024.
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  21. ^ "CARTER, REAGAN SWEEP SOUTH". The Miami Herald. Miami, Florida. March 12, 1980. Retrieved March 18, 2024.
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  41. ^ "BUSH WINS EIGHT DELEGATES". The Winona Daily News. Winona, Minnesota. May 5, 1980. Retrieved March 23, 2024.
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  45. ^ "WYOMING ADDED TO REAGAN LIST". The Los Angeles Times. Los Angeles, California. May 11, 1980. Retrieved March 23, 2024.
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