Extrachromosomal DNA (abbreviated ecDNA) is any DNA that is found off the chromosomes, either inside or outside the nucleus of a cell. Most DNA in an...

Extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) is a type of double-stranded circular DNA structure that was first discovered in 1964 by Alix Bassel and Yasuo Hotta...

A plasmid is a small, extrachromosomal DNA molecule within a cell that is physically separated from chromosomal DNA and can replicate independently. They...

Extrachromosomal rDNA circles (aka ERC) are pieces of extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) derived from ribosomal DNA (rDNA). Initially found in baker's...

walls, for example, yeast samples containing mixed DNA from multiple sources Extrachromosomal DNA is generally easy to isolate, especially plasmids may...

plastid DNA, as well as many other varieties of extrachromosomal DNA, including plasmids and some viral DNA. Contrast linear DNA. circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA)...

an organism, virus, or extrachromosomal DNA. Viral genomes contain either DNA or RNA. Mutations result from errors during DNA or viral replication, mitosis...

chromosomes Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) Chloroplast DNA (cpDNA), and that of other plastids Extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) Inverse polymerase chain...

known as the nucleoid Extrachromosomal DNA, located outside of the nucleoid region as circular or linear plasmids The bacterial DNA is not packaged using...

Double minutes (DMs) are small fragments of extrachromosomal DNA, which have been observed in a large number of human tumors including breast, lung, ovary...