In mathematics, exponentiation is an operation involving two numbers: the base and the exponent or power. Exponentiation is written as bn, where b is the...

Modular exponentiation is exponentiation performed over a modulus. It is useful in computer science, especially in the field of public-key cryptography...

are commonly referred to as square-and-multiply algorithms or binary exponentiation. These can be of quite general use, for example in modular arithmetic...

tetration (or hyper-4) is an operation based on iterated, or repeated, exponentiation. There is no standard notation for tetration, though Knuth's up arrow...

In exponentiation, the base is the number b in an expression of the form bn. The number n is called the exponent and the expression is known formally as...

a property of exponentiation that (ab)c = abc, so it's unnecessary to use serial exponentiation for this. However, when exponentiation is represented...

mathematics and computer science, optimal addition-chain exponentiation is a method of exponentiation by a positive integer power that requires a minimal number...

multiplication, hence also exponentiation, of diagonal matrices is equivalent to element-wise addition and multiplication, and hence exponentiation; in particular...

if μ ≤ π. It will be unique (and equal to π) if and only if μ < π. Exponentiation is given by | X | | Y | = | X Y | , {\displaystyle |X|^{|Y|}=\left|X^{Y}\right|...

usual operations on ordinal numbers: addition, multiplication, and exponentiation. Each can be defined in essentially two different ways: either by constructing...